Effect Of Crushed And Ammoniated Rape Straw On Feeding Weining Yellow Cattle

The objective of this study was to investigate the suitable processing methods and thefeeding effects of rape straw, which processed with physical and chemical methods,bythe methods of laboratory test and feeding experiment and digestion experiment and soon, and provided a reference basis for the search of improving the feed utilization of rapestraw and the search of a breeding way of beef cattles that is consistent with the status ofthe contryside in China.The study was divided into three parts:(1) the effect of rape straw treated byphysical method on the breeding effectiveness and nutrient digestibility of WeiningYellow cattles in Guizhou;(2) the effect of different levels of additive amount ofammonia and water on the ammoniation effectiveness of rape straw;(3) the effect ofammoniated rape straw on the breeding effectiveness of Weining Yellow cattles.Experiment1: the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the crushedrape straw on the breeding effectiveness and nutrient digestibility of Weining Yellowcattles.16health cattles with the similar body weight (230.44±16.84kg）were dividedinto4groups: group Ⅰ, groupⅡ, group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ. After replacing the roughageof different content (0%,10%,20%,30%respectively) by the crushed rape straw, thegrowth performance and nutrient digestibility of Weining Yellow cattles were measured.The result showed that, as the addition rate of rape straw increased, the daily weight gainof Weining Yellow cattles reduced, and there were significant differences between groupⅠand others groups(P<0.01); Additionally there was a reduced tendency of the feedintake of dry matter, and there were no significant differences between groupⅠandgroupⅡ(P>0.05), and there were no significant differences between group Ⅳ andgroup Ⅲ(P>0.05). While the DM intake of groupⅠand groupⅡsignificantly differedfrom group Ⅳ and group Ⅲ（P<0.05). The F/W (feed/weight) of group Ⅳ wassignificantly higher than the other group（sP<0.01), and there were significant differencesbetween groupⅡand the other groups（P<0.01); The F/W of group Ⅰwas significantlylower than group Ⅲ(P<0.05), group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ（P<0.01). As the addition rate ofrape straw increased, the digestibility of dry matter, organism, crude protein, crude fat,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and the digestibility of calcium andphosphor reduced in different levels. Comprehend the results of the experiment, itsuggested that, when the rape straw was purely cut, the palatability of the rape straw waspoor, the effect the feed intake of beef cattles, the nutrients digestibility, and the production performance of the cattles were reduced. The ratio of the rape straw replacedthe roughage should not exceed20%.Experiment2: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of differentammoniation conditions on the nutrition composition of rape straw,and provide areference basis for better developing and using the roughage of rape straw. With2factorsand three levels repeat design, there were three different ammonia content (3%,3.5%,3%) and three different proportion of water (20%,30%,40%) added into theammoniation forage. Each group had five replications. After ammoniation for30days,the sensory quality and nutrient compositon were mensured. The results showed that,there were little effect of ammonia adding amount while there were large effect of watercontent levers on the sensory quality of rape straw. The crude protein of ammoniatreatment group were significantly increased（P<0.01), and the contents of NDF and ADFwere significantly reduced（P<0.01). There was an increasing tendency in the contents ofEE. By comparing the addition amount of different ammonia and water, a conclution ofadding30%water and3.5%ammonia had the best ammoniation effect was got.Experiment3: the objective of this study was to investigate the effect ofammoniated rap straw repleacing40%roughage on the breeding effects of WeiningYellow cattles by feeding test. This experiment used a single-factor completely randomdesign.16health cattles with the average body weight of186.44±8.84kg were dividedinto2groups, with each group having8cattles. Control group and experimental groupusing ammoniation rape straw instead of0%and40%of roughage. The results showedthat, compared with control group, the daily gain of trial group cattles was significantlyincreased (0.59kg and0.48kg respectively,P<0.05) and the F/W was significantlyreduced(17.17kg and14.42kg respectively,P<0.05). Using ammoniated rape straw torepleace40%roughage can improve the daily gain of Weining Yellow cattles, andreduce the F/W, and bring about good economic benefits.