| The advantages of aerobic composting processes have become an effective means of treating waste.As aerobic composting is a relatively complex microbial fermentation process,there are many factors that affect the composting process and fertilizer efficiency,resulting in some problems in the promotion process.In view of this,in order to study the technology of harmless treatment and resource utilization of rape straw and cyanobacteria,the mixed fermentation of rape straw and blue algae was carried out,and the fermented product was used in corn pot experiment.We set up four groups of different proportions of rapeseed straw and cyanobacteria for mixed high temperature aerobic composting.According to fermented maturity level and fertilizer efficiency,the proportion of 3 rape straw to 2 blue algae was selected.Then use the ratio of the substrate to add different nitrogen fixative,according to the total nitrogen composting,nitrogen loss rate,we selected for the best nitrogen fixation effect of superphosphate.Finally,the ratio of the best composting and the addition of the optimal nitrogen preservative were used to compost the potted maize.Compared with the non-fertilizers and non-fertilization treatments,the maize growth and quality indexes were analyzed.It is expected that through this study,it will help the industrial production and agricultural applications of the relevant aerobic composting process.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The air-dried rapeseed straw and fresh cyanobacteria were respectively carried out according to the mass ratio of 5: 0,4: 1,3: 2,1: 1,and the same amount of biogas slurry was added to each fermentation to promote the fermentation process.The results show: The pH of the four treatments was maintained at 7-9,which was consistent with the requirement of aerobic fermentation for pH.Under aerobic conditions,the microbial decomposition of the cyanobacteria-containing treatment group was strong,resulting in more organic acid to decrease the pH.In a certain range,The higher the cyanobacteria content,the more intense decomposition of microorganisms,and it will produce more organic acids.The GIs of four groups were above 80% after 35 days,it achieved a complete maturity standard.With the progress of the fermentation process,the content of organic matter in the material decreased gradually and the C / N also decreased gradually.The higher the cyanobacteria was,the higher the degree of organic matter decreased.After composting,the organic matter was reduced by 94.0 g / kg,C / N decreased to 18.4,GI increased to 91%,and the total nutrient(N + P2O5 + K2O)reached 8.03%,It was superior to other groups.Indicating that the ratio of rapeseed straw: rape straw = 3: 2 composting the best,the compost material can be used for flowers and trees,farmland and so on.(2)Analysis of rapeseed straw and cyanobacteria mixed composting process by adding no nitrogen fixation agent and adding superphosphate,acidifying zeolite and calcium chloride.The results show that:After composting,the degradation rates of organic matter treated with superphosphate,acidified zeolite and calcium chloride were 26.5%,18.3% and22.0%,respectively,higher than that of the treated group without adding nitrogen fixation(17.8%).Indicating that these three kinds of nitrogen fixation agent can promote the degradation of organic matter to a certain extent.The addition of nitrogen fixative has ahigher total N content compared to the treatment without addition of fixative.The N loss of treatment without addition of nitrogen fixation after compost was 26.45%,The N loss rates of the other treatments were 15.9%,23.3% and 20.0%,respectively.The nitrogen fixation agents have played a role in inhibiting nitrogen loss during composting.The inhibitory rate of calcium superphosphate on nitrogen loss was 39.8%,and the immobilization effect on ammonia nitrogen was due to acidification of zeolite and calcium chloride.(3)The fully composted compost was used as organic fertilizer for potted maize experiments,compared with non-fertilizers and common fertilizers.The results showed that there was no significant difference in leaf area and spike between fertilization and non-fertilization groups,but the plant height,panicle height,spikelet number and 100-grain weight difference were significant.The spike weight,grain number per spike and grain weight of maize were 16.98%,18.64% and 3.32%,respectively,higher than that of CK.The spike weight,spikelet number and 100-grain weight of the fermented product group were higher than CK 16.98%,19.95%,4.74%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the growth indexes of maize in the two groups.The contents of N,P and K in the two groups were significantly higher than CK,while the contents of N,P and K in maize kernels were not significantly different,and the effect of fertilization on the potassium content in maize was more than that in nitrogen.The content of nitrogen and potassium in maize straw was significantly higher than that in CK,while the content of phosphorus was significantly lower than CK.There was no significant difference in phosphorus and potassium contents between the two groups,but the nitrogen content in the composting group was significantly higher than that in the compound fertilizer group.This is available that composting as an organic fertilizer is more conducive to the absorption of nitrogen from corn stalks,and the increase of nitrogen content in corn stalks.The crude fat content of maize was the highest in the compound fertilizer group,reaching 4.63%,followed by the fermented product group,the content was 4.55%,and the crude fat content of maize was 4.28%.Compared with CK,the content of crude protein in maize was increased by 40.4% and 33.9% in the compound fertilizer group.Fertilization had a great effect on the crude fat and crude protein content of maize,and had little effect on the content of crude starch.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the growth and quality indexes of maize in the growth index and the crude fat and crude protein indexes of the common fertilizer and composting group,Indicating that the fermentation product in a certain extent can replace the compound fertilizer to become a new environmentally. |
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