Germplasm Evaluation Of Pinellia Ternata (Thunb.) Breit.Gray Correlation Degree

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit, a Chinese traditional materia medica, its tubers uesed as medicines, which has the effects of removing dampness, against emesis, removing mass and dispersing the accumulation of the formula. The study collected a total of38strains of the Pinellia germplasm from Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Henan, Gansu, Jiangsu provinces, then save them in the planting resources of medicinal plants garden in Huazhong Agricultural University, we found differences of different strains of Pinellia in plant morphology, agronomic traits, total alkaloid content, polysaccharide content, guanosine content through the observation of the field investigation and laboratory analysis. The results of which are as follows:1. In morphological characteristics, different populations of Pinellia have its common, but different populations have its own specificity. The results of which are as follows:(1) In the morphological characteristics of bulbils respect, there are two bulbils on a petiole of the populations from Jianli Ⅱ, Tongshan, Chongyang, Tongcheng and so on, which is called double buds.,but most have a single bud.(2) In respect of spathe, Most spathes belong to the form of the mouth of bud which is purple, so this is the main form of spathes on Pinellia. The form which the involucre is purple is common, too, while The form which the whole bud is green is rare, only found in Shennongjia, Qianjiang Ⅱ and macheng or so. The form which the whole bud is purple is the most uncommon, Currently only found in Chongyang.(3) In respect of blade, leaves are long and narrow, lanceolate in Honghu. Leaves in Suizhou are nearly round, large, rounded lines. In addition to the shape of leaf, leaves in Shennongjia population are dark green, some leaves next to the lateral lobes have1-2smaller auricular subsidiary, two populations of leaves from Jianli was torpedo-shaped leaves, the tips of leaves are "U"-shaped(4) In aspect of veins, Jingzhou population has a bright white main vein. Lines of veins in Lichuan are slender, white, cobweb-like, the outer edge of the circle has two clear collection veins. The main vein of Dang Yang population is pale white, coarse, spread along the secondary veins; there is a clear collection vein on leaves in Qichun.(5) In respect of leaf margin, most populations of Pinellia leaves are entire, leaf margin of Neixiang population is a fine serrated notch, leaf margin of Hongan population is a sinuolate notch.2. There are differences of different populations of Pinellia in agronomic traits. In the rate of weight gain per plant, populations of Jianli Ⅱ, Honghu play a good performance, while populations of Yichang,Jiangxia,Chongyang play a poor performance. In aspect of bulbils rate, the populations of Jianli Ⅱ,Hanchuan have a high rate, the ability of reproduce is very strong, the populations of Xiaogan, Badong, Yichang,Yuan’an have a low rate, the ability of reproduce is weak. In the aspect of reproductive period, some populations have a longe reproductive period, such as the populations of Dangyang, Shennongjia, Jingshan, Jianli.Ⅰ, Yangxin, about50days; While some populations have a short reproductive period, such as the populations of Yunxian, Jingzhou, Xiaogan, Jiangxia, Dawu, Qichun, Hezhang, Zhenning, about40days.. In the disease resistance respect, the populations of Tongcheng, Xiaogan, Yangxin, Qichun, Dengzhou have a strong ability of disease resistance, while the populations of Jianli Ⅱ, Yunxian, Nantong have a poor ability of disease resistance.3. This study selected a total alkaloids, polysaccharides, guanosine3substances for Pinellia chemical composition analysis and there are some differences in them. In terms of total contents of alkaloids, the populations of Yuan’an, Jingshan, Tongshan, Badong have high contents, and the average content is more than0.07%. The populations of Yangxin, Yunxian, Hanchuan have low contents, less than0.02%. In terms of polysaccharide, the populations of Xihe, Dangyang have high contents, both more than9%,while Xiaogan, Jiangxia, Qianjiang Ⅱ, Tongcheng have low contents, only4%or so. In terms of Guanosine, the populations of Qianjiang Ⅱ, Lichuan have high levels, more than0.03%, while the populations of Yichang, Tongcheng, Hong’an, Shayang, Jianli Ⅱ, Badong have low content, less than0.015%.4. According to the results of the evaluation of the gray correlation degree analysis,38populations of Pinellia collected in the study,6populations of Yuan’an, Honghu, Jingshan, Dangyang, Tongshan, Jianli Ⅱ have the highest weighted correlation coefficient, so the6populations are the closest to reference strains, and they perform the best, and they are very excellent germplasm resources, when improve variety and breed, they should be used as the key populations, and make full use of them.