Establish Detection Methods Of Q Fever And North-Asian Fever And Investigate Epidemic In Northeast And Inner Mongolia

Ticks are epibiotic, parasitic and blood-sucking arthropods of mammals, reptiles, birds, and other animals. When ticks bite and feed blood, they can release the toxins which exist in their body and may infect the host. Therefore tick is a vehicle of spreading serious and infectious disease to people or other animals. Tick-borne rickettsiosis is a natural focus disease and seriously threatens the health of human and other animal in the world. It is also an obvious seasonal disease, and it may be happened in whole year. It is reported that ticks can carry and transmit210pathogens, including126species of virus,20kinds of Rickettsia,14species of bacteria,18kinds of spirochetes, protozoa and32kinds of Chlamydia. Among the tick-borne rickettsiosis, the deep forest encephalitis, tularemia, Q fever, North Asian tick-borne spotted fever, brucellosis, plague are the major diseases.Because of the comparatively large region span of our country, variety of animal hosts and media, the cases of tick-borne rickettsiosis have increased year by year, especially in northeastern Inner Mongolia border and the mountains region. People are frequently invaded by ticks. They directly threaten the residents of the Northeast and Inner Mongolia. Currently there are various methods of testing Tick-borne rickettsiosis, but there is no good specific method for different species of pathogens that may detect the pathogen quickly and accurately. Therefore we need to establish and improve the detection method through the research of purifying the rickettsial pathogens.On these grounds, according to the conserved sequence of the standard strain246outer membrane protein IS1111a of the Rickettsia (C.burnetii) Bayesian and the conserved sequence of thel7kD protein from encoding the outer membrane protein genes of the Siberia Rickettsia (R.sibirica), the engineering bacteria are synthesized, we design the specific primers and establish the ordinary PCR and fluorescence PCR two detection methods. Compared with the pathogens of the disease spread by Ticks, such as the Tularemia, brucellosis, plague bacillus, we use them as control to establish the specificity of the detection method. After several trials, two detection methods of testing tick-borne diseases are established. They may improve the detection capability rapidly and control the spread of tick-borne diseases between the human and animals.We combined the establishing molecular biology methods with serological detection methods to investigate the tick-borne disease prevalence of Northeast and Inner Mongolia region from2011～2012.At the same time, using the known methods compared with the kits to verify whether the establishing methods are feasible. In this study, the sample collections are from Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province. We investigate the regional disease from the vehicle, the host animal, susceptible animals three prevalent aspects, and realize the newest pathogens infection and the distribution of epidemic focus in these places. These may provide a more scientific basis for monitoring and preventing rickettsial diseases.The results indicated that there were4797ticks in the tick samples detected by using the PCR methods for detecting DNA, every10ticks of them were a group, so there were475groups.11groups were positive of Q fever rickettsia, the positive rate was2.31%.22groups were positive of The North Asian hot rickettsial, the positive rate was4.42%.Classified in accordance with the characteristics of ticks species, the spread of Q fever and North Asia hot propagation is different in the sorts of tick species,among of these blood ticks and Ixodes persulcatus are the major media of North Asia hot IFA, ELISA was applied to detect the serum samples of the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia region, there were908samples to detect, Q fever in cattle, sheep positive IgG antibodies were154cases and48cases; spotted fever in North Asia hot cattle, sheep positive IgG antibodies were141cases and44cases; Heilongjiang spotted fever in cattle, sheep antibodies were122cases and41cases; and the cross-infection presented between North Asia hot and Q fever, there were19positive cases of cross-antibody.The survey results show that there are different kinds of ticks in the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia region, there are3genus and9species. At the same time we also refer to the relevant research literature and obtain the results, there are2branches,7genus and21species in the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia region, and we investigate that each region has a different degree of infection of the tick-borne diseases, and spreads widely. In this study, three kinds of ticks is a media of transmitting human body. The positive antibodies of Q fever and North Asia antibodies, are common in China, and there are prevalence of these diseases in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, and there is a clear upward trend, compared with previous years.Therefore, we need to strengthen the prevention knowledge propaganda of rickettsial diseases, enhance the diagnosis and training knowledge of rickettsial diseases for primary personnel, and improve their own ability to identify and make the correct diagnosis in order to avoid misdiagnosis.