Study On Growth And Development Characteristics Of High Yield Thompson Seedless And Bud-sport Strains

Thompson Seedless grapes(Thompson Seedless) belong to the grape family(Vitaceae) Vitis(Vitis L.)which are Eurasian species, Turpan cultivars.They have a long history of cultivation. The breading angdevelopment of the grape bud mutations is an important factor which promote the development of grapesindusty. On this study, Thompson Seedless was used as control sample to select excellent bud mutantsingle plants. In the present study, ordinary seedless grape varieties were used as control for the screeningof excellent seedless mutant through monoculture. On the identification and screening of seedless excellentmutant were observedAnd provide a basis for the seedless mutation excellent strains.(1) Ordinary thompson seedless grapes and mutant lines. In general, mid-May is the period of fastestgrowth of new shoots according to the perporments of the bud mutant blocks from1to6.In block4, thelength of new shoots reached83.88cm which is longer2.41percent than CK. Block3Is the highestchlorophyll content block reaching39.50which is higher6.50percent than CK. Leaf area of eachconstituency are greater than that of CK. The biggest is block5reaching67.43cm2which is biger16.58percent than CK, next is block4and3.(2) Judging from the photosynthetic characteristics.Net photosynthetic rates of block1、3、6arehigher15%、5%、7.40%than that of CK respectively.Stomatal conductance ratio is block1> CK.Ranspiration rate ratio of block is3> block1> CK. Block5reached the extremely obvious difference orsignificantly difference compared to the control. The results showed that intercellular COck2、4and5all reached the extremely obvious difference compared to the control.2concentration.ofblo(3) The results shows that: block3has the highest budding rates with a value of72.1%, block5hasthe highest branching rate accounting for81.97%; block4has the highest fruit branch with approximately53.73%branching rate. Bock1has the highest yields per plant by34.06kg,15.61%higher than that of CK;followed by block3with32.77kg,11.24%higher than that of CK;once again block4with a value of32.08kg,8.89%higher than CK. In summary, block1,4,5and6has the most tree vigor, more than70%buddingrate,80%of the rate of branching, more than47%branch rate, that are higher than CK.(4) Fruit setting distribution results show that: each bud mutation blocks and CK blocks are differentin budding rate, branching ratios and fruit branching rate as well as fruit setting rates, but each block hasthe same variation trend; which gradually declined with the rising of budding, branching, fruit branchingand fruit setting rate, the resulting coefficient distribution representing a " low-high-low" variation.Taken it as whole,61-70%budding rate of the distribution are the highest, among these, block6is thehighest (62.96%),44.80%than that of CK, buuding rate of71-80%of the ratio between each selectedmutant, block3is the biggest constituency (52.27%),140%higher than that of CK. Branching rate ratio of71-80%is the highest, block2(51.11%),3.6%higher than CK,81-90%of the branching ratio of block1is43.14%than that of CK,230%higher than CK; Fruit branching of the proportion of51-60%is the highest,of which block1(43.14%),65.35%higher than that of CK, Fruit branching rate of61-70%of the block2is the highest proportion (25.58%) is higher than130%of CK; highest fruit setting coefficient of eachmutant block results ranged from1.1to1.3, in the CK with the range of1.1-1.3counts for56.52%, thehighest of which is62.79%(block4), higher than CK (11.09%), the result coefficient of0.80-1.00of whichCK take up34.78%, among this, the highest proportion block is block5(55.56%),59.75%higher than thatof CK.(5)The reselection of high yield types superior individuals showsby integrating the budding rate, branching ratio, branch rate, fruit setting ratio, the screening results are as follows: a total of147strains of coefficient accumulation is greater than average value, which has80strains of three-star and21strains of four-star:A total of134strains with coefficient accumulation in block B which is greater than that of block A,5four-star and70three-start. Finally62selected as optimal plants.