Isolation, Culture And Identification Research Of Common Edible Fungi In Yunnan Province

The resources of edible fungi are abundant in Yunnan province. There are more than400species reported in the literature. Edible fungi not only play an important role in forest ecosystem but also generally have nutritional, economic, medical and ecological values. However, in artificial conditions, the usages of these resources are extremely limited since the lack of technical requirement. Therefore, tissue isolation, training, optimization and symbiosis mechanism of edible fungi strains have been extensively studied by many scholars. In this study, the fruiting bodies of edible fungi were collected from Yunnan province and were used to isolate the pure culture. The fresh tissues were placed on PDA, the improved MMN and an improved medium, respectively, to compare the successful rate of isolation. The transcribed region of ribosomal DNA gene was used to identify molecularly. Furthermore, we selected one strain (Phlebopus portentosus) to study its biological characteristics. The main results in the thesis are as follows:1. In total77edible fungi strains were isolated using the method of tissue isolation and culture from fruit bodies. The fresh tissues were placed on PDA, the improved MMN and an improved medium, respectively, to compare the successful rate of isolation. We found that the improved MMN was the best medium for isolation from Bolete, Lactarius volemus, Russula virescens and most of the edible mushrooms. However, the improved medium was the best medium for Termitomyces.2. Molecular identification was also analysed based on internal transcribed spacer sequences. The25strains can be divided into20OTU. The isolates were identified as five groups analyzed by phylogenetic relationship of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences, and belonging to Bolete, Gasteromycetes, Pleurotus floridanus and Amanita pseudoporphyria, Termitomyces and Lyophyllum fumosum and Russula virescens and Lactarius deliciosus, respectively.3. The basic research of KM21isolate was done. We found that carbon source is the most important element than other elements on the growth of KM21, and the best carbon source, nitrogen source, growth factor and inorganic elements were C12H22O11. H20, yeast extract, VB-1and KH2PO4, respectively.The above results showed that the conventional method for tissue isolation and culture was an effective method from the fruit bodies. The improved MMN was the best medium for isolation from most of the edible mushrooms. Molecular identification techniques were also rapid, exact and effective method to identify isolates and their corresponding fruiting bodies, and therefore internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences of ribosomal DNA was a selectable marker genes.