Effects Of Three Foliar Fertilizers On Growth And Fruit Quality Of Grape And Strawberry Cultivated In Protective Facility

In this study, the effects of "Green Life" and "Alstrong" foliar fertilizers on plant growth and fruit quality were compared in grape and strawberry cultivated in plastic tunnels or greenhouses. The main results are as follows.1."Green life" is a liquid composed fertilizer produced by China Agritech. Inc. When it was supplied to two varieties of grape (Vitis spp),’Victoria’and’Beniyoshi’, the leaf relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), photosynthetic performance index (PIABSand PICS), quantum yield of electron transport(φE0), probability of a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA-(ψ0) were all improved. They also could significantly reduce the maximum rate of QA reduction for PS II reaction center (M0), amplitude of the K step (Wk). These results implied that "Green life" could enhance the active center open and the photosynthetic capacity of the grape leaves. In addition, it also improved the grape growth and fruit quality.2."Alstrong" is a new amino-acid fertilizer with5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) as the main biological active component, which contains several nutrient elements necessary for plant growth. In the work, the effects of "Alstrong" on plant growth were compared with ALA,"Green life" in potted strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch cv. Toyonoka) cultivated in a greenhouse. The results showed that all three treatments significantly improved the strawberry leaf chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rates (Pn). They also increased the leaf soluble sugar content and the soluble protein content. In addition, it also significantly improved leaf SOD and CAT activity, but reduced the superoxidate anion production rate. However, only ALA or "Alstrong" treatment improved fruit production in potted strawberry, especially in the latter treatment. In general, the "Alstrong" fertilizer appeared the best effects among the three treatments, suggesting that ALA companied with necessary nutrient elements promoted plant growth stronger than ALA itself, as well as chemical fertilizer. The amino-acid fertilizer "Alstrong" was suitable for strawberry production.3. During the vegetative growth stage of’Benihonpe’strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) in plastic tunnels, the two dilution fold solutions of "Alstrong" amino-acid fertilizer were spayed on the leaves. The results showed that, whether at half or one month after spraying, spraying could significantly improve the leaf relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the photosynthetic performance index(PIABS), the quantum yield of electron transport (φEo), the active PS Ⅱ reaction centers per excitsd (RC/CS), the energy flux per reaction center for electron transport (ETo/RC) and the probability that a trapped exciton moves an electron into the electron transport chain beyond QA-(ψo), and meanwhile, depress the amplitude of the K step (Wk), the maximum rate of QA reduction for PS Ⅱ reaction center (Mo) and the energy flux per reaction center for dissipation (DIo/CS). Two months after the spraying, the effects of spraying gradually disappeared in promotion on photosynthetic capacity, however, the yield of strawberry significantly increased. Therefore, the amino acid fertilizer could be applied to strawberry production at one month interval to promote the leaf photosynthesis, the berry yield and the economic profit.4. In the work, the effects of "Alstrong" amino acid fertilizer on photosynthesis of leaves and fruit quality were compared in’Summer Black’and’Benibalade’grape(Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca) cultivated in a rain shelter greenhouse. The results showed that "Alstrong" significantly improved the leaf SPAD, the photosynthetic performance index (PIABS, PICS), the active PS Ⅱ reaction centers per excited (RC/CS), energy flux per reaction center for electron transport (ETo/RC) and energy flux per excited cross-section for electron transport (ETo/CS)."Alstrong" also could significantly reduce energy flux per reaction center for dissipation(DIo/RC), energy flux per excited cross-section for dissipation (DIo/CS), the quantum yield of heat dissipation (φDo), the maximum rate of QA reduction for PS Ⅱ reaction center (Mo) and amplitude of the K step (Wk). In addition,"Alstrong" could not only promote the grape size, but also improve the ratio of sugar to acid and soluble protein content of the grape berry. These results implied that ALA with certain nutritional elements can not only promote the leaf photosynthesis, and improve the quality of grape.