Appraisal With Simulation For Evacuation Capacity Of Passages Within Urban Rail Transit Station

With the advantage of great volume, fast speed, safety, punctuality and energy saving, urban rail transit is an effective way to solve the congestion problem of urban traffic network. Station is a major part of urban rail transit system. Its intensive passenger flow, confined space, difficulty evacuation rescue, can cause a serious threat to rail traffic safety operation and people’s lives and property in case of emergency.Station facilities are the basis of the urban rail transit operation. The facilities planning, design, and layout of the station have great importance to improve the efficiency of urban rail transit passenger flow organization, especially to the passenger emergency evacuation in an emergency situation. Based on the analysis of passenger flow characteristics and patterns of urban rail transit network, this paper studies the efficiency evaluation of single and multi-channel facilities, and then assesses the emergency evacuation capacity.Firstly, this paper analyzes the factors those influence the passageway evacuation capacity from aspects of pedestrian and facility design. According to the analysis results and walking rules of the pedestrian flow in the facilities, this paper makes modifies on the social force model by adding informational sign attractor, with the availability proved by simulation.Secondly, the paper uses Anylogic simulation software to simulate and evaluate the single channel and multi-channel facilities.In the single channel simulation experiment, this paper evaluates the different combined situations of stairs and channels. Also it discusses the relationship between evacuation time and stair width, number of evacuees and evacuation time. According to the average density of the stairs, the paper gets different evacuation levels. At the same time, this paper studies the effects of ascending/descending stairs’service capability have on the evacuation time and evacuation capacity level.In the multi-channel simulation experiment, this paper evaluates the multi-channel evacuation capacity under the condition of different supposed influencing factors. There are no-emergency and emergency two cases in this paper, the key points of the research are the effects of emergency indication signs, channel length, and evacuation states have on the passenger evacuation in the two situations. Under non-emergency situations, passengers are in relaxed emotions, facilities setting sand the number change of passengers have little influences on evacuation time and evacuation capacity level. However, in emergency situations, passengers will choose the channel which is the most close to exit and/or with fine-indicating sign. When the channels are extremely crowed, the passengers in the state of emergency would rush toward the exit channel, forming the congestion, which will reduce the evacuation capacity of the channel, instead of enhance the capacity. In case of emergency, passenger would choose the shortest, no matter which channel has fine-indicating signs.Finally, according to the established model and the simulation results, this paper puts forward the improvement measures to raise the evacuation capacity, based on the effect of combined facilities.