Research On The Application Of Landslide Monitoring And Warning Technology Based On Ground Inclined Deformation

China is a mountainous country, and geological hazards like landslide occur from time to time.Landslide is one of the main threats to railway and highway transportation and the safety ofpeople’s lives and properties. Due to the characteristics of wide-ranging distribution,abruptness of landslide hazard and lacking of effective and timely monitoring approaches,there has been no perfect monitoring and warning system aiming to landslide hazard ofrailway (highway) now, and also lacking of exclusively and effective landslide monitoringand warning technology and approaches. Based on the existing achievements of railwayhazard monitoring and warning, combined with technical characteristics and engineeringrequirements of landslide hazard monitoring and warning, in this study, the author carried outthe application study of landslide monitoring and warning technology based on groundinclined deformation. The findings of this study will have realistic meaning and academicvalue in landslide hazard prevention and mitigation of railway (highway) in our country.At first, this paper summed up research status and trend of development in landslidemonitoring and warning technology worldwide, and generalized slope’s deformational anddestructive characters and development of landslide hazard laws, the emergence, developmentand transformation of ground inclined deformation during the process of landslidedevelopment. Then, we focused on the development of ground micro-tilt measurement,including studying and developing, producing, arranging wireless transmission system. At last,this research studied the monitoring and warning technology of ground micro-tilt deformationusing both the laboratory experimental approaches and field trials. The principal innovationand progress of this study are as follows:(1)The characters of slope deformation and principle of landslide development aremainly sorted out, moreover, the research status and development trends of landslidemonitoring and forewarning are summarized as well.(2)A ground micro-tilt sensor was successfully developed and manufactured based onmicro-electromechanical technology. Furthermore, arrangement means of ground micro-tiltwireless sensors for different slope deformation and failure modes were brought forwardaccording to various geological mechanical modes, and the arrangement methods werespecialized for slope’s diseases like rock fall and collapse. (3)By utilizing433MHz short distance wireless communication technology and thewireless transmission system of slope terrace micro-tilt monitoring was successfullyestablished, the problem of local wireless transmission in field of geotechnical engineeringwas solved.(4)By analyzing the time-space effect of slope terrace inclination, we proposed threemethods including step by step method of critical state of dip duration curve, performancerate method of contingence angel of dip duration curve and fuzz method of comprehensiveevaluation to assess slope’s stability. Furthermore, related evaluation standards were studiedas well.(5)In this study, a four-stage approach of landslide forewarning system was studied, andthen the forewarning responding mechanisms and emergency responding mechanisms ofrailway landslide was proposed.