A Study On Spatial Distribution Of Urban Parks Based On Multi-objective Location Modeling In Wuhan City

Along with the high-speed urbanization and industrialization, urban form, great changes have taken place in China:on the one hand, urban public open space has been replaced with the construction land. On the other hand, the ecological environment of the city has been worsen sharply, all kinds of bad weather patterns emerge in endlessly, air pollution has becoming more and more serious, urban heat island effect has becoming more and more obvious, the relationship between human and nature has becoming intensified. At the same time, with the constant improvement of the level of urban development, people begin to pay attention to the quality of life, eager to contact nature, close to nature, increasing demand for urban green open space. Urban parks perform important environmental and recreational functions. It is well known that urban parks are the foundation of natural system of a city, they can moderate the temperatures, ameliorate microclimates, absorb pollutants from the air, reduce noise levels, provide flood risk management, recreation and environmental functions contributing to sustainable urban environments. Urban parks are becoming important in areas of high population density, where homes may not include yard space, and in places of intense development, where landscaping is scarce. Therefore, effective urban parks planning are necessary to identify, protect, and conserve these special places.In this paper, a multi-objective location model was used to obtain optimum locations for urban parks by considering four incommensurable objectives:(1) densely populated areas,(2) areas with polluted air,(3) areas with urban heat island effect, and (4) accessibility of areas. The optimal spatial layout of urban parks in Wuhan city was obtained, and the optimized results were compared with the spatial distribution of current urban parks. Results show that there are30parks located in the reasonable locations and18parks’locations which need to be adjusted. According to the optimum results, guiding suggestions were put forward for the construction of urban parks of Wuhan in the future.The outcome of this multi-objective location model consequently does have implications for how urban parks should be designed and managed by planning authorities in order to maintain not only a sustainable environment, but also a better quality of life in the city. Using multi-objective factors synthesized weighted stacking instead of single objective factor simulation analysis, the multi-objective model can more effectively for Park layout optimization. So, it provides scientific guidance for urban parks layout, maintaining the sustainable development of urban complex ecological environment.