Emergency Evacuation And Location Of Shelter Problem For Chemical Industrial Parks Disasters

With the worldwide occurrence of unexpected accidents in chemical industrial parks (CIPs) in recent years, increasing importance is now attached to the problem of human movement characteristics, route selection and sheltering location in the field of public security. To date, considerable research has been conducted into micro and macro evacuation models, promoting the development of the field of emergency management in CIPs. However, the study in evacuation behaviors of different gender under visibility handicapped conditions, route selection considering toxic effect and sheltering location for pedestrian evacuation in CIPs have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, our research will focus on the three aspects.In the study of evacuation processes of different genders in different visibility con-ditions, an evacuation experiment was conducted in a classroom and the evacuation pro-cesses were recorded by video cameras. The impacts of visibility and gender on walking speed were analyzed. The walking speed of young female pedestrians in good visibility conditions measured in our experiment is0.92m/s and in conditions without visibil-ity the mean velocity is0.42m/s. Besides, the mean velocity of males in conditions with good visibility is0.91m/s and in zero visibility conditions the value is0.69m/s. Additionally, the distributions of velocities obtained in different visibility conditions in this study obey the Gaussian distribution. The results are similar to that of previous study. The research is helpful for devising evacuation schemes of theater, stadiums, gymnasiums etc. and also can be used in guiding regional evacuation processes, such as evacuation processes of chemical industrial parks whose building layouts and exit arrangements are similar to the classroom.In the investigation into the evacuation model considering toxic effect, a concep-tual decision support system for toxicant leakage is established, and a method of deter-mining evacuation scope under leakage accidents is also proposed. Furthermore, a route selection approach which uses mathematical analysis to assess toxic leakage scope is proposed. The best route for evacuees to travel to a safe location is that with the min-imum risk of injury to health. Hence, a parameter based on toxic load is defined to quantify adverse health consequences to evacuees, and denoted by Dvi-vg. The uni-versally minimal value of Dvi-vj is taken as the optimized goal. The Gaussian plume model is adopted to calculate the toxic load and one example is presented further. In comparison with existing models, it is demonstrated that the proposed new method is more accurate, and able to make sound, efficient decisions in leakage scenarios. This proposed method will also aid fire risk assessment and design for chemical industrial parks.Finally, a transportation-location problem model for pedestrian evacuation in chem-ical industrial parks disasters has been reported. In this paper a conceptual model of emergency decision system for TLP of CIPs is reported and a new multi-objective TLP model of pedestrian evacuation is proposed. The model includes sub-criteria, and the affected areas are categorized into a priority hierarchy based on human vulnerability model (HVM). The model can be used to design shelter places and to guide the evac-uation of the affected people. Besides, it can maximize the total time satisfaction level of evacuees and the routes passable probabilities. The case study shows that this model is flexible and applicable to various scenarios and risk measures.