Research On Land Use Pattern Evolution And Discrepant Management Of Open-underground Distribution Mining

Land is the undertaker for human beings to survive and develop on, so the landuse pattern reflects the human production and life activities. Mining area land is aspecial environment for land use, the land use of which has the general regularity andits own typicality. The underground coals are excavated in large quantities. Theformer land use type is damaged, the natural landscape is fragmented and landform ischanged a lot. Furthermore, with the continuous interaction of land damage and landreclamation, there exist the complex directions of evolution on land use structure andits landscape structure. The influence caused by mineral resources mining can bemore complicated especially in mining area which open-pit mine is combined withunderground mine.This paper firstly defines the conception of mining area which open-pit mine iscombined with underground mine, and divides Pingshuo mining area into two studyobjects, open-pit mining area and underground mining area. Then, methods such asfield investigation, remote sensing interpretation, historical analogy and trendextrapolation are adopted comprehensively to analyze the influence of miningproductivities and activities on mining area land use and its landscape structure andanalyze the dynamic changes of the mining area typically classes and features. Next,land use comprehensive index and landscape level index analysis are adopted to getthe similarities and differences of distribution variation patterns and analyze thereasons. In the end, future mining area land use and damage conditions are predictedand management countermeasures of the land use differentiation are put forward inmining area which open-pit mine is combined with underground mine.The results show that:(1) there exist obvious homoplasy between the land usestructure variations of two regions, while at the same time otherness in local factors.Land use degree comprehensive index trends of them are highly consistent, but that ofopen-pit mining area is a little higher than that of underground mining area invariation degree. From the retrospect of specific land type variation, the variation ofmining area and residential settlements are remarkable differences.(2) The landscapeindexes between the two study areas show significant differences. The biggestdifference is landscape fractal dimension. Either shows a distinct change direction,but a trend of convergence in the end. In general, the distribution of various landscapetypes presents a parallel distribution trend, and concentration increases. The landscape diversity and evenness are also improved. It is demonstrated that mining areareclamation use develops in the direction of rationalization and the requirements ofecological layout.(3) Attention should be paid to some aspects in regionaldifferentiation management use in mining area which open-pit mine is combined withunderground mine: establishing differentiation of ecological compensation systemsfrom the aspects of compensation objects, compensation standards and compensationways; dividing the ecological function zoning adjusting measures to local conditions,and dividing secondary zoning on the basis of six first-level ecological region;establishing modern ecological agriculture patterns based on adjusting the structure ofanimal husbandry and establishing modern management system; intensive andeconomical land use, promoting the resources recycling, and reasonable optimizationof mining land; mining area residential relocation scheme being put forward in theprinciples of reduction in moving, urbanization development, convenient productionand living.