A Study On Low Fluctuation Pump By Using Hydraulic Filter

In this paper, two methods, add flow improvers and catalystic pyrolysis upgrading, were used to improve crude flow properities.First of all, to study the components of crude oil and their interactions, chromatogram separation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscope methods were used to study the components and the effect on the wax precipitation process of two kinds of crude oils from Changqing and Yumen oil field. The result indicates:(1) the components of the two crude oils are quite different. The interaction between the components can inhibit precipitation of wax crystal effectively. For the crude oil from Changqing oilfield, the oil wax-appearing temperature depresses6.45℃, and the wax-appearing peak temperature depresses6.64℃than that of the saturated hydrocarbon component (C1); For the crude oil from Yumen oilfield crude, the oil wax-appearing temperature depresses3.46℃, and wax-appearing peak temperature depresses6.14℃than that of the saturated hydrocarbon component (Y1).(2) The behaviors of C1added different polarity components are quite different from the crude oil.(3) The optical microscope analysis showed that the addition of resin and asphaltene to C1can increase the number of wax crystal particles and decrease their dimensions during the cooling crystallization process, which can prevent the particles from contact and crosslink each other to form bulk wax crystal aggregation.Then, polyamine amide was prepared from fatty acid and polyamine as raw materials. The effect as flow improvers on the pour point and viscosity of heavy oil was evaluated. The effect as flow improvers on saturated hydrocarbon component and asphaltene was also analysized by DSC. The result indicates:(1) Polyamine amide (PAA-28), with500mg/L, shows that viscosity reduction and the highest reduction rate reach to32.7%.(2) Polyamine amide (PAA-69), with500mg/L, can depress the pour point of heavy oil, among which the highest pour point depression is7.0℃; the wax appearance temperature of saturated hydrocarbon component reduction is3.2℃peak temperature of wax-precipitation reduction is0.3℃; percentage of precipitated wax reduction is0.55%. DSC analysis indicates the addition of PAA-69can reduce exothermal in the expirement temepreture, the heat quantity reduction is68.0J/g, exothermic appearance temperature reduction is9.7℃.(3) Polyamine amide (PAA-137), with500mg/L, can depress the pour point of heavy oil, among which the highestpour point depression is5.1℃; the wax appearance temperature of saturated hydrocarboncomponent reduction is8.7℃; peak temperature of wax-precipitation reduction is0.1℃;percentage of precipitated wax reduction is3.90%. PAA-137shows potent viscosity reductionand the highest reduction rate reach to39.0%. DSC analysis indicates PAA-137can reducequantity of heat by102.7J/g, the exothermic appearance temperature reduction is39.0℃,which indicates that the PAA-137may change aggregation way and the state of aphaltene, andmake it not easy to gather or deposit so to improve asphaltene’s stability.At last, gas chromatograph, infrared spectromete and ultraviolet-visible spectromete wereused to evaluate the catalyst and the effect of pyrolysis behaviors of crude oil. The resultsindicate:(1) some of catalysts on the efficiency greatly, catalyst N5shows potent pour pointdepression is11.4℃; viscosity reduction is more than80%, and the best dosage is0.5%.(2)Gas chromatograph analysis indicates that in catalyst N2treated crude oil the small moleculehydrocarbons increase.