Application Of Noble Metal And Semiconductor Nanoparticles In The Chemiluminescence System

Since the20th century, the combination of flow injection (FI) andchemiluminescence (CL) analysis method made the chemiluminescenceanalysis technology entering a new era. And with the development ofnanotechnology, the chemiluminescence analysis field was injected freshblood and vigorous vitality.The chemiluminescence analysis method, basic principles ofchemiluminescence, common chemiluminescence systems, flow injectionchemiluminescence technology, nanomaterials and its application inchemiluminescence, etc. are discussed in this paper. The research statusand progress of flow injection chemiluminescence method is alsointroduced, and the trace detection of the analysis method in biologicalimmune analysis, molecular biology, medicine, optical, electrical andenvironmental chemistry is briefly summarised.Based on the above knowledge, this paper carried out some relevantresearch works, the main research results are as follows:1. Four different sizes of silver nanoparticles were synthesized bythe sol-gel method, and the sensitization of them on the common luminol–NH2OH·HCl system was explores, respectively. The results showed thatsilver nanoparticles can largely enhanced luminol–NH2OH·HCl CLsystem, and the smaller the particle size was, the better sensitizationeffect was obtained. After optimized the reaction conditions, we used thesystem to established a FI–CL detect method for Co2+in the sample, thelinear range is4×10–10~2.5×10–6mol L1, the detection limit can reach to1×10–11mol L1, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is0.952%.According to UV-visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopybefore and after reaction, we also proposed the possible CL mechanism ofluminol–NH2OH·HCl–Ag NPs–Co2+system. In addition, we also studied the detection of organics analysis using this system, the detection limitcan be as low as10–10g mL1, which expands the application ofnanoparticles in the CL analysis.2. Chitosan (Chi), L-cysteine (Cys) and3-mercaptopropionic acid(MPA) can provide three different functional groups to the synthesis ofZnS QDs, and form three different functionalized QDs. Then the effectsof them on the weak chemiluminescence system Ce (IV)–fluorescein–Na2SO3were explored. The results showed that the strongest signalappeared when (MPA) ZnS QDs presenced. After optimized the reactionconditions, the system was applied in analysis and detection. We used theCe(IV)–fluorescein–Na2SO3–(MPA)ZnS CL system to detect themedicaments and organics, the detection limit of medicaments was10–9gmL1, and it could be as low as10–10g mL1in the organics detections. Sowe can say this work provides a new effective method for the detection ofthese substances.3. Four Ag NPs with different sizes were doped to the ZnS QDsforming four different Ag:ZnS, and then we applied them to theluminol–KIO4CL system, studied the sensitization of the Ag:ZnS to thesystem, the experimental results showed that the best sensitization effectwas obtained when5nm Ag:ZnS were add into the system. Byoptimizing the reaction conditions, the luminol–KIO4–Ag:ZnS CL systemwas used for the detection and analysis of medicaments and phenoliccompounds, and have achieved satisfactory results, the detection limit canbe as low as10–9g mL1. It provides a new trace detection method forthese compounds, which simple and practicable, with high sensitivity.