Development And Performance Of Bamboo Charcoal Fiber Nonwovens For Adsorption Materials

Bamboo charcoal fiber is a kind of environmentally friendly material developedfrom bamboo resource with superior performance, Bamboo charcoal fibers havestrong adsorption, antibacterial, mildew, negative ion emission performance etc., andcan absorb harmful gases in the air. So they are widely used in functional clothing,moisturizing material, air purification, and anti-radiation field.The bamboo charcoal fibers used in this topic are polyester modified fibers，theirfinenesses and lengthes are6.67dtex×76mm (No.1fiber) and1.67dtex×38mm (No.2fibers) respectivly. This topic focus on the performance of bamboo charcoal fiber, theproduction process of bamboo charcoal fiber nonwovens for adsorbent materials, themechanical performance testing of bamboo charcoal fiber nonwovens for adsorbentmaterials, the preparation process of carbon finishing agent, the finishing process ofbamboo charcoal fiber nonwovens for adsorbent materials, the mechanical propertiestesting of the finished nonwovens, and the performance testing of formaldehydeadsorption. The bamboo charcoal fiber nonwovens for adsorption materials with superadsorption characteristics are developed, and can be used in harmful gas adsorption,such as formaldehyde, inside new houses and new cars.This subject adopted two kinds of bamboo charcoal fibers. The depth ofpenetration, puncture density and fiber blended ratio were chosen as three factors,through orthogonal experiment method, the better process was determined that wasA3B2C1, i.e. the puncture density is240thorn/cm2, and the depth of penetration onpre-needling machine is5mm,4mm on inverted needling machine, the blended ratioof No.1fiber to No.2fiber is80%to20%. On this basis, in order to expand the rangeof applications of the products, three kinds of needle punching bamboo charcoal fibernonwovens and a kind of hot rolled bamboo charcoal fiber nonwoven were designedand developed. These nonwovens can be used to absorb harmful gases such asformaldehyde inside new houses and new cars. The emphasis of research is onopening, carding, web formation, laying, needle punching and hot rolling processes, and the basic performances of nonwovens were tested and analyzed.Based on large amounts of data, the preparation processes of carbon finishingagents were researched by using single factor analysis and orthogonal test analysis,the amount of containing carbon in nonwovens was taken as a evaluation measurableindex, the optimal solution obtained is A2B4C3D2, i.e. the binder content is14%, theactivated carbon content is22%, the additive content is0.9%, the dispersant/activated carbon is0.15, the immersion temperature is40°C, the immersion time is30min, and the bath ratio is1:25. The nonwovens were finished by using a dippingand two rolling method, and then the finished nonwovens were washed, and wereobserved under the scanning electron microscope. The photos of SEM confirm that alarge number of activated carbon powders are still on the nonwovens after beingwashed.The adsorption capacity of nonwowens is forecasted through testing theformaldehyde adsorption capacity of nonwowens in this reaearch. A closedexperimental bos was made, and its sealed performance was good after tested. In thisexperiment, the formaldehyde was tested by using phenol reagent spectrophotometry.Because the operation of phenol reagent configuration is hard to control, it will affectthe test results. Therefore, a rapid self-test cartridge was used to test in the experiment.The maximum absorption wavelength of rapid formaldehyde detection reagent isdetermined, it is380nm，and the formaldehyde absorption standard curve is obtained.The adsorption rate of nonwovens finished by carbon finishing agent is significantlyimproved，and the adsorption rate of the nonwovens is increased with the increase ofthe amount of the fabric contained charcoal. The monolayer bamboo charcoal fibernonwoven with puncture density of480stab/cm2has the strongest adsorptioncapacity, the adsorption rate can reach88.3%. When the amount of fabric containedcarbon is less than30%，the trend of increase of adsorption rate with the increase ofamount of contained carbon is obvious. While the amount of contained carbon isgreater than30%，the increase of adsorption rate with the increase of amount ofcontained carbon becomes gentle.Based on the applications of bamboo charcoal fiber nonwovens for adsorptionmaterials, the performances of nonwovens are evaluated by using fuzzycomprehensive evaluation. The results show that the bamboo charcoal fibernonwovens for adsorption material have good adsorption performance.