Preparation And Characterization Of Flanme Retardant Polystyrene Composite Materials

Polystyrene (PS) has excellent water resistance, moistureproof performance, light transmittance can reach more than90%, good electrical insulation, easy coloring, good processing flowability, rigid good patience and chemical corrosion, etc., lightweight, high hardness, molding and good processing properties makes it a very versatile general plastics. It is widely used in audio and video products and CD disk boxes, the high frequency electrical insulating parts, vehicle parts, Marine plastic parts, electrical components and construction materials and other aspects.However, PS flammable, severe phenomenon of molten drops during combustion, limits its used widely in the field of protection requirements. Therefore, flame retardant modification of PS can greatly expand the application field. The largest variety of flame retardant in PS flame-retardant modification is bromine flame retardants. However, the traditional bromine flame retardants products easily produce toxic of polybrominated diphenyl and dioxan (DBDO) and polybrominated diphenyl and furan (DBDF) when they burn. Halogen flame retardants development with a revolutionary change quietly while rapid development in the new type of halogen-free flame retardants. decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) is a successful one who has been put into social used. It does not produce toxic of polybrominated diphenyl dioxan and polybrominated diphenyl and furan when combustion and pyrolysis, and friendly to environment. Not only has efficient flame retardant performance, better thermal stability and low exudative, DBDPE also can improve the impact strength of material DBDPE is a new generation of environmental nontoxic bromide flame retardants, because the oxygen atom in the molecule is replaced by ethane structure.Antimony oxide (Sb2O3) is one of the commonly used traditional bromine series auxiliary flame retardant. Preparing by DBDPE and Sb2O3, PS/Br-Sb flame retardant composite material was found has excellent flame retardant performance, yet there were a few difficult to overcome the drawbacks.Firstly, Sb2O3price is rising year by year, smoke and drop phenomenon appear when it is burning. Therefore, in this study, Sb2O3, zinc borate (ZB) with low toxicity and PF were used as auxiliary flame retardants besides DPDPE, so novel halogenated and low-toxic flame retardant PS/Br-Sb/ZB/PF composites were obtained, suggesting synergistic effect in this retardant system.In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy spectrum (EDS), UL-94apparatus for burning test (UL-94) and limiting oxygen index (LOI) and other methods were used to characterize the flame retarding performance, thermal stability pad charcoal burning characteristics of two kinds of composite materials PS/Br-Sb and PS/Br-Sb/ZB/PF. The result has shown that:PS/Br-Sb and PS/Br-Sb/ZB/PF composite materials by gas phase and solid phase dual flame retardant. At the adding amount of30%, PS/Br-Sb=70/20/10wt.%, the LOI as high as27.2%, UL-94test at V-0. PS/Br-Sb/ZB/PF=70/15/10/5wt.%is the optimize formula, UL-94test at V-0, the LOI reached25.6%, the carbon residue rate increased to20.96%, the phenomenon of molten drops disappeared, the smaller smoke density, and advantage at the price. Adding ZB can effectively reduce the smoke concentration and the material price, and in the UL-94from V-l to V-0. PF in flame retardant system not only can make burn into carbon density, increase the carbon layer structure stability and inhibition of dripping phenomenon, and carbon residue rate increased from19.76%to19.76%. Visible, there was obvious Synergistic flame retardant effect between DBDPE, ZB, Sb2O3and PF, flame retardant effect was remarkable.