Study On Public Participation In Urban Planning Based On Public Participation GIS

In the field of urban and rural planning, confrontation and conflict of various stakeholders are unavoidable, as the biggest group of stakeholders, it is necessary for the public to express their will in planning across public participation to safeguard the public interest. The Urban and Rural Planning Act, enacted in2008established the principle of the government organization, experts led, department cooperation, public participation in planning, it emphasizes the public participation of the making and the implementing of the whole process of urban and rural planning. Accompanied by acceleration of the market economy development and the acceleration of the urbanization process, there is a general increase in awareness of public participation and the main means of public participation are planning publicity, hearing, complaint and petition to the planning administrative departments, but the level of public participation is still relatively very low, mainly displays in the following aspects that the weak awareness of public participation, asymmetric information and inefficient modes of participation, besides,the participation in institutional mechanism is not perfect.With the progress of modern science and technology, especially the development of communication technology, the information technology and Internet technology, technical rational tools begin to gradually replace the subjective empiricism and become involved in social and public decision-making tools for public participation in the discussion of public affairs and consultation by providing a viable condition. The emergence of PPGIS is the combination of social and public participation theory and GIS theory, and it provides a web-based visual information display platform for public participation in decision-making process of public affairs. Based on this background, on PPGIS platform, this paper designs a kind of public participation mechanisms and modalities fit for different stages of the urban and rural planning which aims to improve the implementation of public participation in urban and rural planning through technical dimension.PPGIS can provide the public with a friendly platform where all stakeholders can freely to express their opinions and suggestions at any time and do not need to master the complete expertise. The main characteristics of PPGIS is the public nature of social, by a high degree of nterdisciplinary and integrated methods of integration to achieve a fair balance of interests of decision-making in a participatory process based on consultation. According to the phase characteristics of the urban and rural planning activities, the paper first defines the "three-step" model of public participation in urban and rural planning activities:the first phase is the cognitive stage of the public planning projects, and its main purpose is to facilitate the public with the full knowledge of the planning project; the second phase is the feedback stage of the public planning decisions, and its main purpose is to encourage the public to use PPGIS platform for discussion and opinions of the planning program expression; the third phase is the expert assessment stage of the program, and its main purpose is the selection of the optimal solution based on the early public feedback of the planning programs. Based on the "three-step" model of public participation in planning activities, we construct an application process on the PPGIS platform of the public participation including publicity and education, the development of policies and regulations defining, data preparation and database construction, the expression of the will of the public, the establishment of decision problems, technical support and decision-making completion of seven stages. In terms of the technology organization of public participation PPGIS platform, this PPGIS platform contains design goals, structural design, hardware and software environment, the database organization, the detailed design of the functional modules (including basic functions and GIS analysis capabilities) to complete the whole system framework structures and in terms of function complement,it offers knowledge base, information dissemination, uploading VGI, questionnaires, discussion platforms, voting platform, the map operation and GIS analysis functions. The paper takes the overall planning of Qindong stainless steel specialized town in the central area of Jiangsu province as study object and the main problems in the actual development of Qindong are mapped to the preferred spatial planning program. At last, we take an example to demonstrate the process of public participation in planning by public-concerned issues of stainless steel industrial area layout and rural community planning.