| Most of the behavior of insects, has been considered to be born instinct behavior, but many studies have shown that most insects have the ability of learning and memory,showing the behaviors of adapting to the environment. Recent years, with the insect olfactory learning and memory ability of experimental model, methods through animal behavior, genetics, molecular biology, to study the learning, especially insect reward learning neurobiological mechanisms of memory has become a development trend. Therefore, this study used the method of behavioral, pharmacological and histological to investigate the effect of two important neurotransmitter octopamine, dopamine on learning and memory of reward and punishment of the insect olfactory.Objective:Understanding the effect of octopamine, dopamine on learning and memory of reward and punishment of insect olfactory, reveal the neurobiological mechanisms of learning and memory.Method:In this experiment, Gryllus bimaculatus as experimental materials, we used the operating conditions to stimulate learning paradigm, the smells of herbs and20%saline solution(punishment) as a joint, the smells of peppermint and10%sucrose solution (reward) as a joint, to study on the effects of different training times, octopamine dopamine on two kinds of learning and memory of reward and punishmen.and the distribution of two kinds of neurotransmitters in the brain of Gryllus bimaculatus. In this research, the part of behavioral and pharmacological,the preference index PI used as olfactory learning and memory effect of the index.Result:(1)There is a different effect about different training times in two kinds olfactory learning effect is, in the rewards and punishment in learning, training6times is better than the other times.(2) Injection of two kinds of neurotransmitter antagonists on reward learning and punish the learning effects are different, OA neurotransmitter antagonist blocker effects of reward learning, DA transmitter blocker punishment learning effect. Discussion:Octopamine neurons have an important role in reward learning memory;dopamine neurons in in punishment learning memory. |
