Relationship Between Spatial Memory,olfactory Recognition And Food Hoarding Behavior Of Leopoldamys Edwardsi

For scatter-hoarders,how to retrieve buried seeds is the key stage of food-hoarding behavior.Seed characteristics not only affect the food-hoarding behavior of rodents,but also regulate the allocation of spatial memory resources at the scattered storage sites,resulting in different diffusion fitness.Vision,olfactory,spatial memory and digging at random are four ways for rodents to search and retrieve hoarded food.Olfactory and spatial memory are important mechanisms of searching and retrieving food in animals.Although olfactory recognition ability and spatial memory play an important role in the process of seed hoarding and retrieval in scatter hoarder,there have been few reports on the trade-off between olfactory ability,spatial memory and seed characteristics,and the relationship between spatial memory,olfactory recognition and food-hoarding behavior in rodents needs to be further explored.In this study,Triton X-100 was used to construct a model of olfactory disorder.Combined with closed enclosure experiment and TMT proteomic technique,to explore the storage and spatial memory differentiation of seeds of different size,the effects of olfactory disorder on Leopoldamys edwardsi,the effects of odur intensity on olfactory proteomic of L.edwardsi,the trade-off between spatial memory and seed odor,to explore the relationship between spatial memory,olfactory recognition and scatter-hoarding behavior.Moreover,it will help to reveal the maintaining mechanism of mutualism and covolution between scatter-hoarding rodents and plants.The main research results are as follows:L.edwardsi.showed no preference to cache large and small nuts.However,L.edwardsi with normal olfaction recovered more caches containing large nuts than those containing small ones.L.edwardsi suffered pre-caching anosmia showed no significant recovery preference for caches either containing large or small nuts.L.edwardsi suffered post-caching anosmia recovered more caches containing large nuts than containing small ones.L.edwardsi with normal olfaction preferred to pilfer artificial caches rather than to recover their own caches.L.edwardsi suffered pre-caching anosmia showed no significant preference for their own or aritificial caches.L.edwardsi suffered post-caching anosmia preferred to recover their own caches rather than to pilfer artificial caches.The expression levels of 2,3-cyclic-nucleotide 3-phosphodiesterase(CNPase),Tetraspanins(TM4SF),Integritins,Connexin K1,Calmodulin(Ca M),Septins(Septin4,Septin8)and synaptophysin-like?(Sypl?)in olfactory bulb of L.edwardsi.are relatively high when identifying weak odor seeds.Thus,the olfactory function of the rodents might more active when identifying weak odor seeds.This may be the weaker odor in the range of animal's olfactory experience,the stronger olfactory function,so as to make more accurate discrimination of seed odors.After continuously scatter hoarding and recovering weak odor seeds,the expression levels of Microtubule-associated protein(Map-2),Synaptopodin(SYP),Synaptotagmin ?(SYT?),Protein kinase C(PKC)and Protein tyrosine kinase(PTK),which are involved in the positive regulation of learning and memory,were high in the hippocampus of L.edwardsi,while the expression levels of Regulatory of G protein signaling14(RGS14),which are involved in the negative regulation of memory,were low.Therefore L.edwardsi may devote more spatial memory to the weak odor seeds.