| Ten typical habitat plots (plot1to plot10), located in Ningxia Lingwu Beijitan National Nature Reserve from north to south, were selected which were plotl to plot4belonging to arid desert steppe, plot5and plot6belonging to arid desert grassland, plot7belonging to natural shrubbery of Caragana-Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and plot8to plot10belonging to artificial sand-fixation areas. From April to September in2012, species diversity and community dynamics of darkling beetles (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae) were investigated using pitfall traps method.The results showed that:1. A total of3794darkling beetles (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae) belonging to17species,10genera,5tribe and2subfamily were recorded, which Pimeliinae shared12species of7genera, Tenebrioninae shared5species of3genera. Anatolica mucronata Reitter, Anatolica potanini Reitter, Microdera kraatz alashanica Skopin and Mantichorula semenowi Frivaldszky were dominant species, which contributed about28.84%(1094individuals),15.45%(586individuals),26.38%(1001individuals) and12.26%(465individuals) of the total number of darkling beetles. The number of individuals (57～870), species (5～13) and dominant species (1～5) were respectively differences in different plots. The dominant species showed significant difference (F=1.347,P=0.0472) in different plots using single factor variance analysis. Microdera kraatz alashanica Skopin was the only one of the species that distributed in10plots, but its dominance was quite different (from0.8820to0.0149). The number of species was relatively abundant in arid grassland desert vegetation, followed by artificial sand-fixation areas and arid desert steppe. The number of species was the least in the natural shrubbery of Caragana-Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.2. The number of species was bigger in arid grassland desert vegetation than in arid desert steppe and artificial sand-fixation areas. The number of dominant species and individuals also occupied a certain advantage in area of arid grassland desert vegetation. Among different habitats, species richness index of darkling beetles were the highest in the plot5(1.7815), but the lowest in the plot7(0.6894). Diversity index of darkling beetles were the highest in the plot6, the Shannon-Wiener index, evenness index and Simpson index were1.8137,0.7255and0.6346. Contrary, plot1was the lowest (0.3547,0.1909,0.1296).3.Time dynamic analysis of darkling beetles show that the number of dominant species changed greatly at different times in different plots, the number of dominant species were the highest in July, followed by April in vast majority of plots. Number of species in plot1, plot3, plot4, plot5, plot7and plot8were biggest change in difference month, and from plot4to plot10were all the most abundant in April. All plots except plot7showed relatively high number of species in July. With time going by, changes of the number of individuals showed a single peak curve, the highest number was obtained in July. Community diversity indices took the highest value in July, and with the increase in the month, the diversity indices decreased.4. Community of darking beetles showed little similar level, medium similar level or very similar level. The value of Jaccard similarity coefficient ranged from0to0.75using Jaccard community similarity coefficient analysis in10plots. Plot6and plot9were very similar and showed the highest similarity(q=0.75). Plots7and the other plots were little similar level. Cluster analysis of binary traits matrix, which was establish based on the distribution of presence or absence of species showed that when the distance coefficient of about0.55. It can be divided into three clustering. The plotl, plot2, plot3and plot4were clustered first clade. The second clade included plot5, plot6, plot8, plot9and plot10. The third clade was plot7. Species similarity was closely related to habitat similarity. The community structure similarity of darking beetles was partly determined by habitat similarity. |
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