Evaluation On Climate Resource For Tourism And Its Influence In Hainan Island

In recent years, with rapid development of tourism industry, assessment and research onclimate resource for tourism has also increased. The study results showed that more studiesfocused on analyzing the physiological comfort of the tourist climate while littlecomprehensive evaluation on climate resource for tourism. As tourism plays a decisive role inthe construction of Hainan international tourism island, a comprehensive evaluation onclimate resource for tourism is very important. In this paper, author selected physiologicalsuitability index and tourism impact index with the support of GIS, a comprehensive analysiswas made and draw the following conclusions:(1) Temporally, January, February and December are the best periods for tour, Marchand November are more appropriate, and the most inappropriate periods are between Apriland October. In general, Most areas in island is suitable for tourism from November to Marchof the next year. While between April and October is not appropriate because of hightemperature and other impact factors.The seasonal difference of climate in Hainan island are between winter and summer. Thegeographical tourism climate features of the different periods show that, In February, the most“warm and comfortable” areas of temperature humidity index (THI) represented by is locatedin the southern, such as Sanya, Baoting and Lingshui, and in most areas of central and northand northwest are just the opposite fact. Moreover, the most “warm and comfortable” areas ofwind chill index (K) is also located in the south, which has a smilar characteristics with thetemperature humidity index (THI) in the north and northeast. In August, the central region isthe best suitable place for tourism according to distribution characteristics of THI and K,while the southeast coast, the west and most of the northeast region not befit for trip.The climatic characteristics of the annual average temperature, wind speed, relativehumidity and sunshine and other factors in Hainan have advantages to develop tourismactivities throughout the year. Hainan island tourism climate belongs the “hotter,comparatively appropriate” range according to the analysis of the average state of tourismclimate suitability and different suitable levels of classified results. We found that South is themost suitable areas, and Southeast coast is more suitable than Central, North and Northeast, which based on both of classified results and the distribution characteristics of February andAugust THI and K index.(2) Rainstorm and typhoon are the largest risk factors that affect tourism activities andtourism resource exploitation in Hainan island. The typhoon hazardous areas are mainlylocated in the southeast coast. While the distribution of rainstorm risk decreasing from thesoutheast coast and get to the lowest in central region. Furthermore, the north, the southwestcoast and Sanya have a higher risk. From a general perspective, the risk characteristicspresented that the coastal areas are higher than the mainland.Highway traffic has a more important role in tourism activities in Hainan island. Theresults show that the north, northeast and the southeast coast of the island has the highestdensity of road network. The south region such as Baoting, Lingshui and Sanya has the higherdensity. Addtionlly, Wuzhishan, Baisha and Qiongzhong have the lowest road density incentral of the island. The concluded results show that the greatest impact on exploitaion of theclimate resource for tourism is in north and southeast coastal areas.The distribution characteristics presented that it is low in central and high in surroundingof the influence of vegetation on exploitaion of tourism resource in Hainan island. It isindicated that the central mountainous vegetation cover is well and the coast has a lowcoverage. We believe that mountainous has the potential on tourism climate resourcesexploitaion due to dense forest while the coast’s agricultural vegetation has a great restrictionon the further exploitaion of tourism resources.The general situation of air quality of environment in Hainan island reached the standardof national level in the past five years. It showed a stable feature and a trend to turn better. Inthe past five years, the general province’s water environmental quality has meet or exceed thenational surface water standard Ⅲ of the centralized drinking water sources. It meet theScenic Spot water standard. Transportation and living noise pollution will not causesignificant impact on normal tourism activities although it has changed worse than before.The city solid waste emissions and processing efficiency is basically stable and does not affecttourism activities. The aeroanion consistency of major forest scenic spot is far outweigh2100/cm3of the six class standard during a long period of time. It is beneficial to humanhealth especially. So we concluded that it has great potential on forest tourism resource and product exploitaion.We found that monthly average of tourist flows has highest negative correlation with airtemperature, precipitation and sunshine, which showed a highly significance. Addtionlly, ithas higher positively correlation and higher significance with wind speed. However, it hasless correlation and no significance with relative humidity. The island regional distributioncharacteristics of impact index of trip expectation in coastal areas is higher than the mainlandexcept the northern coast.Sanya, Ledong, Baoting and Lingshui in Southern of island have the highest index ofattractiveness of tourism products and the central of Wuzhishan and Qiongzhong followed,North of Haikou, southeast of Wenchang, Qionghai, Wanning and other areas has the lowerindex and Dongfang in the west has the lowest index.Generally, tourism impact index in coast is larger than the mainland. And also its impactincreased from Northeast, East to Southern coast of Qionghai, Wanning, Sanya, Lingshui andLedong. Central of Baisha, Wuzhishan and Western of Dongfang has the minimal impact.(3) The comparative advantages of climate resource endowment for tourism located incoastal areas, especially in southeast coast and south coastal areas. Specifically, South ofLedong, Sanya and Lingshui have the richest resources, the highest exploation and potential.Southeast coast of Wenchang, Qionghai, Wanning and Haikou in the north as well as thewestern of Changjiang, Dongfang followed, and the central region has the lowest resourceadvantages, exploation and potential. The majority areas of the northern has the weakeradvantage of resources, less exploation and potential.