| China is the one of richest wild Cerasus plant resources country in the world, has manyspecies with high ornamental value, but few of the species are developing and using inproduction and landscape. In recent years, people are becoming more and more obsessive aboutenjoying the cherry blossom that make the flowering cherry industry develop rapidly. With aninflux of Japanese flowering cherry cultivars into the domestic comes an influx of the cultivarname, the “homonym” or “synonyms” phenomenon is very serious, which is a hindrance topreserve, evaluate, innovate and exploit the germplasm resources of flowering cherry. Therefore,based on the work of predecessors, the nationwide place which cultivars of flowering cherry areconcentrated distributed was made in-depth investigation for the first time in this dissertation. Inaddition, some species and cultivars of flowering cherry investigated were analysed using SSRmarkers in the paper. The main results were summaried as follow:1. On the basis of critical review of literatures and investigation, the emphasis is very muchon the in-depth investigation of areas that cultivars of flowering cherry concentration distributionsush as Wuhan, Beijing, Qingdao, Nanjing, Wuxi, Changsha and so on. According to‘International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants’(ICNCP), a total of21species and60cultivars cultivars were determined in this investigation, including11new cultivars,18cultivarsof flowering cherry first reported and21cultivar names reorganized. The morphologicalcharacteristics of these investigated cultivars were revised and recorded detailedly, the mainpoints of identification these cultivars were also recorded and the parallel retrieval table wascompiled of the investigated81specises and cultivars.2. According to the fied survey results of Cerasus cultivars, the cultivars of flowering cherrywere categorized21species or varietas and the C. serrulata var. lannesiana cultivar system wascategorized as4cultivar Groups according to the number of petals. The cultivar Groups were:single flowered (C. serrulata var. lannesiana Single Group) which had5-10petals; semidoubleflowered (C. serrulata var. lannesiana Semidouble Group) which had11-20petals; doubleflowered (C. serrulata var. lannesiana Double Group) which had20-50petals; chrysanthemumflowered (C. serrulata var. lannesian Juban Group) which had over50. The classification systemof cultivars flowering cherry (Cerasus) was established by the investigated results.3. The genetic diversity of96Cerasus accessions was evaluated by24pairs of SSR primers.Totally,153polymorphic alleles were revealed, with an average of6.375alleles for each primerpairs. Observed heterogygosity (Ho) was0.010-0.484, with an average of0.202. Averageexpected heterozygosity (He) was0.304-0.885, with an average of0.656. Allelic polymorphisminformation content (PIC) values for the primer pairs ranged from0.265-0.873, with an averageof0.617. The result also showed that polymorphic fragments of the genomic SSR were higher than the EST-SSR, but the stability of amplification was less than the EST-SSR.4. The96Cerasus accessions were analyzied by using the unweighted pair group methodwith arithmetic mean (UPGMA) with Ntsys-pc version2.10, the genetic similarities amongcultivars range from0.641-1.000, on which a phonetic tree showing the relationship among thecultivars was constructed. With the genetic similarity of0.740, all accessions were divided into2groups that one was the cultivars group of the typical sakura subgenus (Subgen. Cerasus), theother was the dwarf sakura subgenus (Subgen. Microcerasus). The clustering result was the sameas classical taxonomy. When the genetic similarity was0.811, the results were basicallyconsistent with morphological classification except C. serrulata var. lannesiana cultivar systemwhich had extremely complex genetic background. Also, the clustering results supported theclassification of the cultivar systems with morphological taxonomy. |
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