Research On Financial Expenditure On Agriculture Of China

In the huge system of national economy,agriculture firmly occupies the fundamentalposition.Agriculture,as the foundation of a nation’s economy is key to China’s stability andprosperity.The state attaches great importance to the problems about agriculture,ruralareasand peasantry.Especially since the Sixteenth Congress,the party puts "three rural" issue as atop priority in the work of the whole Party,continues to increase efforts to supportagriculture,adheres to the urban and rural development,then promotes agriculture and ruraldevelopment to a new level,the income of the farmers continued growth and rising livingstandards.Since agriculture is the largest industry by natural factors and natural risks andmarket risks threatens agricultural production,if it depends only on its own accumulation itwould be hard to get effective development.The phenomena that the foundation of agriculturebeing weak and the rural areas being backward and the peasants being poor are widespread inour country,the three-dimensional rural problems have constrained the development ofeconomy and society.However,in the rural construction in the new period,China’s fiscalsupport still exists investment scale,insufficient investment structure unreasonable,supportingcapital efficiency is low,support fund management mechanism and so on many problems.Theimportance of agriculture and its specialty demands that the state must support and protect thedevelopment of agriculture,especial the fiscal support from government.The government usesthe means of fiscal expenditure which plays a decisive role in promoting the development ofagricultural economy to protect and support agriculture.It is divided into five parts.The first part is a detailed description of the researchbackground and significance of research methods,research status and innovation andinadequate.The second part is the theoretical basis of the full text.The article first defines theconcept of the financial expenditure on agriculture and then detailed classification of financialexpenditure on agriculture.The financial expenditure on agriculture of China generallyclassifies in accordance with the large,medium and small three caliber.This matter is likely to cause confusion in understanding the concept of deviation This article is necessary to carryout a clear and unified caliber of expenditure on agriculture.Secondly,this chapter describesthe theoretical basis of financial expenditure on agriculture: Externalities due to thefundamental position of agriculture in the national economy,agricultural inherentinferiority,which shows the government needs to support agriculture.Analysis from a realisticpoint of view at the same time,due to the special circumstances of our country,the governmentneeds to give strong support to agriculture.The third part firstly summarizes the historicalevolution and effectiveness of China’s financial expenditure on agriculture.It analyzes thefinancial expenditure on agriculture through three angles (size,structure and efficiency),pointsout the cause of the problem,and concludes the following conclusions:From the perspective ofscale,the financial expenditure on agriculture in our country is growing every year,but therelative scale has a smooth fluctuations,and is decreasing every year,roughly.At the same timecompared with the developed countries,agriculture accounts for the proportion of agriculturalGDP is too low,indicates that the development of our country level has not yet get rid of thedeveloping state,so to strengthen agricultural support missions is imminent.From theperspective of structure,the structure of the financial expenditure on agriculture in our countryis not reasonable.Water conservancy meteorological department operating expense ratio is toohigh,to the governments at all levels are of great financial pressure; Large and medium-sizedprojects accounted for the proportion of agricultural infrastructure spending is very big,incontrast to very little infrastructure spending is directly related to the farmers’ life,whichaffects the efficiency of agricultural production; Not only agricultural science and technologyof financial expenditure is small,but ratio is very small,so the gap with developed countries isvery large.Compared with financial expenditure on agriculture in local government,centralgovernment fiscal responsibility is small,which would destabilize the financial expenditure onagriculture.From the point of view of efficiency,the efficiency of financial expenditure onagriculture are fluctuations and decline the output elasticity volatile,the efficiency of the useof funds is very low and unstable. There are other hills whose stones are good for workingjade.The fourth part through the analysis of developed and developing countries’ fiscalexpenditures for supporting agriculture,draws lessons from other countries advancedexperience,combines with the actual situation of fiscal expenditures for supporting agriculture in our country,and draws the enlightenment.This paper in the fifth part puts forwardsuggestions to improve the fiscal expenditures for supporting agriculture in China: Ourgovernment needs to begin to establish and improve the legal system of China’s fiscalexpenditure on agriculture; We should draw up the norm and stable fiscal institution, makeclear the local and central government’s responsibility. ensure matching of the fiscal powerand administrative authority. On this basis, so as to ensure continued growth in the scale ofexpenditure on agriculture,optimal adjustment of the structure of expenditure on agricultureand the improvement of the efficiency in the use of funds for supporting agriculture.