Spatial Pattern Analysis And Utility Optimization Of Urban Leisure Green Spaces In Hangzhou

The urban green space is a most important component of the urban ecosystem which provides public leisure and sightseeing space for tourists and citizens, improves their living conditions and plays a vital role in ecosystem service. The number, location, distribution of urban green spaces can directly influence urban environmental quality and residents’recreational activities. This paper elaborates on the classification, landscape pattern and accessibility of green spaces in Hangzhou, with some correspondent optimization proposals provided as well.The public leisure green spaces can be classified into4types (municipal-level, county-or-district-level, community-level, and green spaces at scenic areas) and a GIS database is established based on this classification. A quantitative analysis is carried out of their landscape pattern within Hangzhou main city with the help of ARCGIS. By applying buffer zone, minimum distance and travel cost approaches, green space accessibility is also analyzed considering the relationship of urban population distribution and density with the number of green spaces and their location, using the spatial analysis function of ARCGIS.Conclusions can be reached as follows:(1)Over the past5years, the number and the area of urban leisure green spaces in Hangzhou had a dramatic increase respectively, especially in Binjiang District and in Xihu District. The increase in number of district-level and community-level green spaces is much more than municipal-level green spaces, while the increase in area has an absolute advantage of municipal-level green spaces.(2)The values being relatively large both in2006and in2011of the Variation Coefficient, Gini Coefficient, Primacy Degree Coefficient, have a trend to become smaller from2006to2011, which shows that the distribution of urban leisure green space is uneven, but the condition is getting better in recent years.(3) The values of area and population Equilibrium Index further indicate the distribution imbalance has been improved.(4)The center of urban leisure green space moves from west to east.(5) It costs3.8minutes starting from residential areas to urban leisure green space on average, and92.11percent of the urban residents have access to a certain leisure green space within10minutes; The residential areas which has poor accessibility lie in the marginal area in Hangzhou main city.(6) As to scenic-spot green spaces, their accessible time is20.33minutes. Xihu and Xixi are found to be much more accessible than the other scenic spots.(7) The accessibility demonstrates as a structure of Xihu-centric annulations, the farther the distance is away from Xihu, the poorer the accessibility is.(8)The system of urban leisure green spaces has a strong ability to provide serve to the citizen, while its service scope cluster together in the center of Hangzhou main city.