Feasibility Analysis Of China’s Agricultural Scale Operation And The Selection Of Policy Path

Since the reform and opening up, the farmland managing model turning into the household contract management responsibility system, farmers’ enthusiasm for production got a great liberation and the level of agricultural production has been rapidly improved. Viewing from the developed countries’ agricultural development process, agricultural large-scale operation is a general trend. Therefore, with the accelerated pace of urbanization, the rural population more quickly migrating to city, rural "hollowing out", aged tendency of population and so on, so many phenomenon happened in our country indicate that we need to adopt agricultural large-scale operation. Even though after we make some policies about farmland transfer and the speed of farmland transferring is increasing, the whole development process of the agricultural scale operation is still slow. Therefore, to sort out the realities faced by China’s agricultural large-scale operation, the problems and trends of the existing agricultural managing model and to develop a system of agricultural policies, have an important significance to the development of the scale operation of China’s agriculture.This paper analyzes the development status and trend of our country’s agricultural large-scale operation model from the aspects of both domestic and abroad. The main contents of the paper include:In chapter1and2, the author introduces the topic selection background of the paper, the purpose, significance and framework of the study, summary studies home and abroad, etc.In chapter3, the author compares the agricultural development situation with the other countries, from the aspects of the inputs of agricultural production and agricultural production efficiency, and gets that:(1) China’s rural population compared with developed countries, the proportion is still high, the agricultural economy of population per capita arable land area is relatively stable at the level of ultra-small scale; developed countries on the basis of higher per capita arable land size, still shows the scale of operation expanding trend;(2) Mechanical usage in China is gradually increased, and is in a rapid increase in the stage; While developed countries are basically in a steady state of decline or fall of mechanical usage. Therefore, the developed countries’ scale of the mechanical and mechanical use efficiency are at the higher level; In contrast, China’ s agricultural machinery applications may also only in the increase in the amount;(3) There is a certain gap between China and developed countries on the output efficiency of farmland, but China has been at the middle level of the higher. However, China’s agriculture is still dependence on the heavy use of chemical fertilizer.In chapter4, from the macro and micro data, the author analyses the two restraining factors to the process of the scale operation of our country’s agriculture, including rural population and farmland transfer, and acquires that our country’s rural population structure has changed, and farmers will be reducing quickly, and the speed of farmland transfer is increasing. These results descript that the restraining factors to the process of the scale operation of our country’s agriculture are disappearing.In chapter5, the author analyses some kind of scale operating models of agriculture through real cases, such as state-owned farms, farmers’professional cooperatives and large business and shows that the scale operating model is far more efficiently than the small farm, and considers that the large-scale operation model is benefit for the development of agriculture, and finds out some restrains and problems of these models.In chapter6, through the analyzing of the agricultural development process and the changes of the policies for boosting the scale operation of agricultural of the two developed countries, including the U.S. and Japan, the author illustrates that, at present, our country’s agriculture is on the stage of fast transferring from the small farm operating model to the scale operating model. Combining with the above analysis, this paper makes some suggestions for impelling the process of scale operation of agriculture. These policies concludes that:(1)Building a Land transfer statistics platform to inspect the situation of farmland, and making policies, such as Land circulation incentive and Scale of operation subsidies, on the base of the platform;(2)Making three-dimensional and effective policies in promoting land transfer, including the establishment of two-way agricultural flow of the subsidy system, the establishment and promotion of land transfer to a combination of rural social security system and the establishment of rural land and urban housing replacement system;(3) Formulating preferential policies to encourage capital through various modes to investing in agricultural large-scale operations.