A Study On The Right To The Contracted Management Of Rural Land

Land issue is the key to agriculture. The most important point of land issue is the transfer of the contractual right of land in China. With the accelerated urbanization process, employment opportunities in non-agricultural industries are increasing and the incomes of farmers in agricultural production are relatively lower, resulting in a growth number of labor surplus. Meanwhile, the development of agricultural modernization requires appropriate scale of operation. The mode of land contract, however, is average but dispersive, which leads to inefficiency cultivating and farming experts lack of scaled land or no land will be available. Therefore, the rural productivity will be better developed, meeting the demand of scaled land, which is an effective way to solve China’s land farming issue in rural areas. So under those circumstances which will fully ensure the interests of the masses of peasants and respect their wishes, actively promoting the transfer of the contractual right of land to achieve a moderate scale operation will be of positive significance for the construction of a new socialist countryside and the development of agriculture. Based on the thinking on the current status of the transfer of the contractual right of land, I have written its survey results to provide a series of solutions for its efficient and sound operation.This study is divided into six parts. After studying the current status quo of China’s rural land contracting right, this paper focuses on urban and rural comprehensive reform experimental zone of Chengdu. It explores some successful experience to provide some ideas for healthy and efficient circulation.The first chapter explains the background and significance of this study, and defines rural land contract management rights. In this paper, an overview of domestic and foreign scholars is made and the literature review, case studies and other methods are used to study the current situation and problems. Combined with the reform exploratory studies in Chengdu, useful experience is summed up to provide suggestions. The second chapter describes the transfer theory. It highlights the various theories, including the transfer of property rights theory, rent theory. The theoretical analysis, has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the transfer of rural land contract management rightThe third chapter is an overview of China’s agricultural land rights transfer since the reform and opening up. It describes the historical changes and outlines an overview of the rural land contract management rights transfer from the bud stage to the present stage. China’s rural land contracting right way includes:subcontract, lease, exchange, transfer of shares, mortgage, and every circulation mode is explained. Finally, the current problems are pointed out: the imperfect system of property rights, lack of land transfer mechanism and appropriate institutional environment, imperfect of regulatory mechanism, lack of circulation of intermediary institutions.The fourth chapter is devoted to useful attempts on land contract. After becoming reform pilot area, Chengdu started the reform and establishment of clear responsibilities and attribution, and the strict protection of rural property rights system, in order to promote the capitalization of the rural assets. This chapter describes the reform pilot area of Chengdu’useful attempt in the aspects of rural property rights system reform. These attempts include:measuring the farmers’land and other property rights and issuing four cards one card contracts to farmers.The fifth chapter is to introduce two typical land stock cooperative system case" Tang Ying model" and "Wen Jiang mode" in Chengdu from transfer mode and transfer effect,and conclude their advanced and successful experiences based on the two modes of rural land contract operation rights transfer effect. The biggest characteristic of Tang Ying model is to integrate the land management mode "equity+bonus+wage", making the public and the village collective form a community sharing profits and risks, which is able to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of both. Besides, Tang Ying introduces farming company of1000,000venture capital achieving "win-win" of increasing sources of income for farmers and strengthening the collective economy.The last chapter is to learn from Chengdu experience and China’s current rural land contracting right of the status quo and existing problems. These recommendations include:establishing a modern rural land property rights system, innovating land transfer according to local conditions, strengthening management, land transfer standardized and orderly, providing support for land contracting right.The research method of this paper focuses on literature research and case analysis to undertake comparative analysis by collecting a quantity of information and using the relevant theories of economy. The innovation of this paper is to use the method of case analysis, discussing the analysis of two typical areas of contractual operation right of land in the real case of Chengdu, and give the flow evaluation. Due to the academic background, this article also has some deficiencies. The related data of the transfer of land contract and management rights is not systematic and centralized, thus the arguing points lack strong data support. In addition, this article is based on Chengdu City case analysis, Chengdu City would have had a good geographic location and policy conditions. Therefore the advanced experience can be applied to some other provinces and cities which have the same condition, not having the generality of nationwide promotion.