| With the advent of the growing problem of an aging society, derived from manysocio-economic issues Governments today face serious challenges, especiallydwellings for the elderly, but also become an important factor affecting social stability.The United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher came to power in 1979 is a major turningpoint in British society since the beginning of the Conservative Party re-elected thefourth ruling party, has made tremendous efforts for the elderly housing policy.Although the New Labour government, led by his successor Tony Blair has opened upa "third way", also in the field of housing policy be adjusted, retained a significantportion of the period of the Conservative Party’s housing policy, which forced peopleto ponder one of the reasons - the previous Conservative government, senior housingpolicy does play an important basic role in maintaining social stability and protectingthe right to housing for the elderly.The paper is divided into six chapters. The introduction describes the source ofthe topics of this subject, the significance of the topic and related academic HistoryReview, and the elderly and related concepts are defined. The first chapter deals withthe existence of housing for the elderly in the United Kingdom in the 1970s: the UKhousing stock is actually quite a few, many are not suitable for the elderly living, andit is lacking effective housing for the elderly; with the the aging of the growingcountries in the growing number of financial expenditure on services for the elderly,thus affecting the economic development, which in turn restricted the balance of thehousing market, the more sluggish the senior housing market; In addition, elderlyhouses are generally older, but with the constant renewal of the urban planning, a lotof elderly housing environment reveal the dirty, messy, poor; coupled with theexisting elderly housing policy is not timely updates according to the socialdevelopment reform. Specific analysis in the second chapter of the British Thatchergovernment and housing for the elderly during the John Major government policyformation process, the entire process revolves around the theme of "privatization"carried out in three stages, the first stages is from 1979 to 1986. at this stage, the Conservative government greatly reduced the financial expenditure phase of theelderly housing, stated "privatization", focused on domestic economic recovery andthe elderly housing market recovery; 1986 to 1990, to remove turning point in theMitchell government reform, fulling implementation of the expansion and elderlyhousing policy of "privatization" reform gradually improved in the stage, a lot of theturning point and the policies and regulations are promulgated and implemented,housing associations and other organizations are also developed in this period; JohnMajor, led by the Conservative government came to power in 1990-1997, not onlyretains a large number of elderly housing policy of the former Conservativegovernment, but also uping to a certain degree of innovation, is a further period ofdevelopment of elderly housing policy. Chapter III of the characteristics of elderlyhousing policy in the period 1979-1997 and the reasons for the formation of thesefeatures are discussed. Elderly housing policy during this period are threecharacteristics: the structural diversification, scale expansion of the development trendof market-oriented and non-governmental organizations. Diversification at this time isto solve the problem of housing for the elderly to change the structure purelypreviously undertaken by the Government, but led by the Government, combined withthe internal laws of the market development and non-government organizations playan important role in multi-structural model; Thatcher government came to power afterthe advocate the establishment of market-oriented mechanism, under the influence ofthis idea, the government enacted a number of preferential measures to the seniorcitizen housing, local government has shifted most of the residential housingassociations and other civil society organizations, then the form through theimplementation of housing subsidies to help the elderly to buy or rent housing to meettheir own heart; non-government organizations growing and developing rapidly underthe strong government support has played an important role in helping to resolve theissue of elderly housing. The formation of these characteristics for four reasons:international housing rights movement are sustainable development, the gradualexpansion of the UK Welfare Thoughts of the New Right, the intrinsic demand of theBritish domestic political parties and political competition, as well as the adjustmentof the domestic market mechanism. Two governments during this period in the seniorhousing policy has made tremendous achievements, and meeted the housing needs ofa considerable portion of the elderly. The environment has also been improved. Ofcourse, there are some problems, respected market-oriented reform, but the market itself is up and running, is not possible to take into account the fair, did not meet thehousing need of all older people. Elderly housing policies of the Thatcher governmentand the John Major government more far-reaching impact on the elderly housingpolicy of the successor of the Blair government, the Blair government not onlycontinues the reform of the former government market, diversified, also continues toencourage non-government organizations development, in addition Blair governmentin the period revises and improves the pension bill, while focusing on the principle offairness.To solve the problem of elderly housing for the elderly in China’s actualsituation, there are choices to learn from Britain’s elderly housing policy, established arelatively sound housing market, the use of the diversification level of the means toprotect the elderly housing, in line with all sectors of needs of olders, the mostimportant in the establishment of a new home in advance to join the needs of theelderly, can save the future maintenance of the housing resources. |
