| Along with the growing process of economic globalization and the new technological revolution, the national regional competition are increasing; knowledge, information, technology and other factors are playing more important roles in the process of economic development. High-tech industry is also having a rapid development. In modern time, high-tech industries become the focus of core competitiveness of the developed countries or areas, and it also becomes the short cut of the developing countries or regions. Not only developed countries regard it as the driving force behind labor productivity to promote economic growth and to maintain the country’s prosperity, but also a growing number of developing countries also regard it as the strategic focus and new economic growth point so as to rapidly change national economy conditions, improve overall national strength and enhance international competitiveness.On the other hand, the information technology is highly developed and the world has shown characteristics of regionalization of economic development, industrial concentration has become the determinants of to get regional competitive advantage. Michael Porter argued that a concentration of industry in space can have widespread and positive effects on the competitive advantages of industries, namely, it can improve productivity, indicate the direction and improve innovation speed, promote the birth of new enterprises, thereby expanding and strengthening the cluster itself, and thus it is conducive to enhance competitive advantage and promote regional economic development.Industrial agglomeration is the basic trend of the modern industrial economic activity in the space structure, which not only exists in many traditional industries, but also exists in the key industries-high-tech industries in today’s countries. The world’s popular high-tech parks such as Silicon Valley and Boston 128 Cambridge Road in the United States and the Cambridge Technology Park in the United Kingdom and the Bangalore high-tech industrial park in India. And all these parks have the phenomena of the industrial agglomeration. In these areas, not only the high-tech industries have a high degree of specialization, but also the cooperation, learning, productivity and exchange of knowledge, technology and information between businesses in the region are increasing, which leads to the improvement of regional innovation capability and competitive advantage.In China, since China approved the establishment of Beijing New Technology Industry Development Experimental Zone in 1988, China’s High-Tech Industrial Development Zone (hereinafter referred to as Hi-tech Zone) is developing rapidly. At present, the country has 53 state-level high-tech industrial development zones. From the Benefits of high-tech zone of view,, to the end of 2006, the output value of 53 state-level high-tech industrial development zones was 3.58989 trillion Yuan, the profit was 212.85 billion Yuan, the export volume reached 136.09 billion U.S. dollars, and the annual average growth rat of the major economic indicators was hither than 60 percent.Chengdu is the logistics, commercial, financial technology center and transportation hub in China; it is also China’s important high-tech industrial base, modern manufacturing base, modern service industry base and a modern agricultural base. The high-tech industry clustering is playing an important role in Chengdu. Among the four leading industries (electronic information, bio-medicine, machinery manufacturing, food engineering) in Chengdu, the electronic information and bio-medicine are both high-tech industries and they account for a large proportion of the city’s total industrial output value and have played important roles in the economic development of Chengdu. In 2007, bio-medicine and electronic information accounted for 5.1 and 17 percent of the city’s total industrial output value. Chengdu high-tech industrial zone was build in 1988 and in 1991 it was approved as one of the first national high-tech industrial development zones. Since 2005, the Chengdu Hi-tech Zone has maintained high average annual economic growth rate,26.9 percent.Chengdu has its special background. Form 2003, Chengdu begin to raise the overall level of urban-rural integration according to co-ordination between urban and rural, "four in one" overall strategic plan. On June 9,2007, Chengdu was approved as the national balance of urban and rural comprehensive reform experimental zone by the State Council officially. Although there are lots of researches in the concentration of high-tech industries, there are few particular researches in the context of co-ordination between urban and rural development. The paper includes the quantitative and qualitative analysis and the Chengdu Hi-tech industrial agglomeration effects and influence factors and the paper makes some recommendations for the development model of agglomeration Chengdu Hi-tech industries. Therefore, this paper has a strong theoretical significance and practical significance.This paper should include:Chapter I is introduction. This section describes the research background, purpose, meaning, ideas and frameworks.Chapter II defines the concepts and theoretical reference. This section has defined the balance of urban and rural development, high-tech industry and the three concepts of industrial clustering. It also recalls some influential theories of industrial agglomeration, including the externality theory, industrial location theory, the new theory of competitive advantage, innovation environment and innovation systems theory, the new economic geography, which are intended for providing a theoretical basis for the analysis of factors affecting high-tech industry concentration.Chapter III is the theoretical analysis of high-tech industry concentration from the perspective of the balance of urban and rural development.This section first analyzes the combined effect of high-tech industries as well as impact on the balance of urban and rural development. Then analyzes the balance of urban and rural development, regarding is as one of the factors affecting high-tech industry concentration, so as to provides a theoretical basis for the empirical analysis and countermeasures.Chapter IV is the empirical analysis of Chengdu High-tech Zone from the perspective of the balance of urban and rural development. This section begins by describing the basic economic situation of high-tech zones and then measures the high-tech industry concentration degree by the location entropy method; built empirical model by using factors from the theoretical analysis and then implements the empirical analysis by using regression analysis. The empirical results show that the factors affecting Chengdu high-tech industry concentration according to their order of importance are:the Government, the economies of scale, FDI, balance of urban and rural systems, capital investment of research and development; opening degree in areas with little industry concentration effect, enterprise innovation capacity and local market demand. Empirical analysis shows that the balance of the urban and rural development is a significant impact to the high-tech industry concentration. The correlation analysis is given through the Granger test.Chapter V is model to promote the Chengdu Hi-Tech Industry Cluster-government-led model. Outlined as follows:The main activities of the region, including guide enterprises to focus and encourage entrepreneurs and other high-tech talent to increase the size of high-tech enterprises through policies; set up an enterprise network and enhance linkages between enterprises and related organizations; introduce and train talents to encourage enterprises to innovate by themselves; provide labor to high-tech zones through the balance of the urban and rural development; create a favorable market environment, promoting high-tech industry concentration. |
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