Indoor Microwave Scattering Measurement Method Research

In the microwave remote sensing system, microwave scattering characteristic of terrain is the basis for remote sensing radar to obtain all kinds of information of the surface, which has important value for the development of the microwave remote sensing mechanism and the design of airborne or spaceborne radar. Scattering coefficient is the main content for studying of microwave scattering properties of the surface, while the interior or land-based scattering measurement system is an effective way to obtain the scattering coefficient.By establishing an interior microwave scattering measurement system to simulate in-orbit remote sensing satellite systems, the microwave scattering coefficient of the samples in natural state can be measured, and on the basis of which the microwave scattering mechanism of the surface can be in-depth studied. In the process of study, theories and experiments are in close connection. First the theory of microwave scattering coefficient measurements was introduced, based on which, the scattering measurement of typical samples can be carried out by the interior quasi-single scattering measurement system. Then the scattering measurement method was studied based on the scattering measurement system which has been initially established.The paper improves the measurement accuracy of the system by studying on the single polarimetric calibration technology using metal plate. At the same time, the STCT full polarimetric calibration technology and the best parameter settings of the scattering measurement system are also studied, laying a solid foundation of getting reliable scattering data. In addition, the scattering measurement system was designed to be roboticized, providing important guarantee for obtaining a large number of scattering data of various typical samples in a short timeFinally, using the interior microwave automatic measurement system, a large amount of the backscattered data of low vegetation (weeds), simulated sea (sea clutter) and other typical samples was obtained respectively, of which the scattering characteristics are studied. Among them, focusing on the backscattering measurement method of the simulated sea clutter, the backscattering characteristics of the sea clutter under different polarization modes, different incident angles, different wind directions and different wind speeds are measured and analysed, obtaining some obvious regular changes, which provides data support for in-depth study of the scattering characteristics of the sea clutter.