Research On Key Technologies Of Radiometer-Scatterometer Combined Remote Sensing System

Remote sensing is playing a more and more important role in development of economy and society, and is extendingly applied to resource prospecting, environment surveying, space scientific research and military affairs, etc. Multi-sensors combined remote sensing, which has advantages of complementary fusion and high efficiency in information recovering, is a new technology emerging recent years and becomes a hot topic of the field. In this dissertation, key issues on design and development of microwave radiometer-scatterometer combined system are studied, the research work includes: fusion design in radiometric and scattering measurement architecture, and its circuit as well; a fusion method of radiometric and scattering measurements; design of an 8mm radiometer-scatterometer combined system, and development of its measurement means and calibration method; design of a fully polarimetric radiometer-scatterometer combined system, combined detection method for active and passive vector, and method for calibration of system parameters.At first, design of hierarchy of radiometer-scatterometer combined system is carried out, which results in an invention of the combined system architecture. This architecture is typical of integration and miniaturization, and is of significant benefit to complementary fusion for active and passive remote sensing measurements. Based on the architecture, methods are set up for fusion design of radiometric measurement and scattering measurement in operating manner and signal circuits.Then, a fusion method of radiometric and scattering measurements is put forward. Theoretical model for this fusion method is deduced by analysis of joint effect of nonlinear response characteristics and transmitting power fluctuation on scattering measuring, and the method is established to calibrate this joint effect. The fusion method breaks through the limitation of conventional scattering calibration method in treating the joint effection, and is capable of improving accuracy and expanding dynamic range of scattering measurement.Furthermore, design of an 8mm radiometer-scatterometer combined system is carried out, which presents method for universal design of receiving circuits and means to detect coupling leakage between active and passive channels. Algorithms for radiometric and scattering measurements as well as calibration methods are also derived. These works provide theoretical bases for realization and performance improvement of 8mm radiometer-scatterometer combined system.Finally, study on digital fully polarimetric radiometer and scatterometer combined system is undertaken. A joint digital correlation method is put forward to realize combination of polarimetric radiometric and scattering measurements; means to fix parameters and eliminate deviation are set up for digital detection of polarimetric vectors; and in order to determine miscellaneous parameters of the system, a segregative calibration method is proposed, and its algorithm is derived correspondingly.