Imaging Laser Radar Scanning Technology Research

Imaging laser radar has the advantages of the high accuracy and high spatialresolution, and has many applications in a wide range of field such as laser guidance,helicopter crash, terrain rendering, etc. At present, the rapid scanning technique forlarge field of view is still one of the key technologies of imaging laser radar scanningsystem.This dissertation designed a new type of optical scanners. In this dissertation, wetested the produced scanner, and build the imaging laser radar system. The main workis as follows:First of all, the design principle of the scanner was discussed: The principle ofusing fiber as the light guide is used to make the fiber into a specific structure, and thespecific structure and the motor constitutes a scanner. The fiber arrangement structureis driven by the motor to rotate; Laser is deflected by the structure of the fiber-arranged,and light position is in a straight line on the discrete motion. Specific structural designwas discussed in detail, and the use of the scanner in transmitting and receiving opticalpath was discussed. According to the design of the structure of the scanner, two sets ofscanner was made.Second, the system of laser radar based on the scanner was discussed. Accordingto radar equation and the performance of the scanner, the energy loss equation of thelaser radar which the scanner wears was derived. According to the estimates and thedesign of laser radar systems, the chips select in the data processing and control systemwas discussed.Again, the structure of data processing and control system was discussed.Interface design, the power module design and the driver design of FPGA andperipheral modules in the hardware platform of data processing and control system wascompleted. Function and programming of the FPGA internal modules was discussed.Then, the important parameters of the farthest detection range and the maximumscanning speed of laser radar system was simulated. According to the simulation results, using a laser of25W and dual optical system, the farthest detection range is400meters when the scanning speed of the scanner is52images with pixels of100*100per second; and the farthest detection range of the scanner is765meters whenthe scanning speed of the scanner is1image with the pixels of200*200per second.Finally, the test experiments based on the scanner designed was set up. Theexperimental results were observed: when the scanner does not rotate, the location offiber optic light is a bright spot; when the scanner works properly, fiber optic lightposition is a bright line. The experimental results were analyzed.Simulation analysis and the experimental results of the scanner demonstrate thefeasibility of the design of the scanner. The scanner has the advantages of rapidscanning speed, far detection distance, large field of view, etc. The size of the scanneris small, so the scanner designed is conducive to miniaturization of the radar system.At present, there is no scanner who has the same design with the scanner designed inthis dissertation. The research in this subject provides a basis for the future appliedresearch.