| Education is a special and important cause, a country’s economic and social development related to the development of education. The formation and accumulation of educational fund is the key to education development. From the large population in China, the characteristics of urban and rural imbalance development, education investment on education plays an important role in the development.《The national platform of educational reform and development for medium and long term (2010-2020)》clearly pointed out that we must increase investment in education and improve capital efficiency. In order to grasp the definite effects and problems about educational investment system, and make the appropriate adjustments, it is necessary to summarize and analyze the effect of input system deeply. On the basis of theoretical analysis and comprehensively grasp the trend of educational investment system, this paper use panel data models and DEA method to confirm. Results showed that China’s educational investment system is well overall, but running performance differences in various regions, with low efficiency. Finally, this paper has made targeted recommendations.A. Research conclusions of this papera. The lack of educational input is the major obstacles to develop education at the present stage in our country. The general education inputs, as well as financial education investment in China increased year by year, but they still hard to meet the needs of educators. Financial education input share of the GDP has not reached4%. It is below the level in developed countries and it is lower than the world average. An indisputable fact is that investment in education is insufficient.b. There are large differences of China’s education investment between regions, whan and rural areas, as well as the basic and higher education. Because of government financial adequacy in eastern regions, they can invest more in education. At the same time in less-developed central and western regions, there are inadequate financial resources, so the education difference formed during eastern, central and western regions. Urban-rural differences are caused by the dual structure in our country. It is difficult to change the light thinking in rural areas, so this formed the more input in urban education and the less in rural education. At the same time, financial investment in higher education is far more than basic education, so the spending on education between higher and basic is not reasonable.c. Speed up the formation of virtuous circle mechanism which services the economic and social development. Establish and improve integrated urban and rural education input mode urgently on the choice of educational investment model, we should analyze the actual situation in the developed regions and the less developed regions. Developed and urban areas share more educational resources, so you can choose the Government combined with market input mode. Due to its own economic conditions in underdeveloped and rural areas and must Yet due to their own economic conditions in underdeveloped and rural areas they must rely on the power of Government and selected Government-led education mode, configuration provided education resources in the manpower of Government.d. There is a room for further upgrading in the performance of China’s educational investment system:the investment performance is different in various parts. The education investment system that runs at this stage is difficult to meet the needs of education development. Special for the center and west region, its own shortage of education funds, combined with the inefficiencies make the funds run more nervous. If we only increase the inputs, ignore the use of efficiency, this must exacerbate the shortage of education funds. Therefore, we must reform our education system; encourage social power to run school and improve the efficiency of using funds, so as to promote the harmonious development of education.e. Under the perspective of integrated development of urban and rural education, it need innovation to solve the current difficulties immediately, so as to promote the development of education. Our country’s main body of education investment is single and non-validity, this makes we face with double trouble of insufficient investment and low performance. So we should innovate by innovating education investment main body, optimizing the structure of educational investment, establishing the appropriate discount system. Only in this way can solve the problem of insufficient education input.B. Policy Recommendations of this papera. Increase financial investment in education, ensure education developing well. Education development is not only related to the improvement of population’ quality but also has a significant effect on China’s economic development. So in order to meet the needs and guarantee the development of education in China, we must increase the intensity of government investment in education at all levels. Ensure that education has plenty of money. On the basis of clear responsibility at all levels of government, ensure total public financial investment in education increases every year in a certain growth rate. Fighting for education investment share of the GDP reaches the international average. The central financial investment can lead local investment in education, thus increasing the intensity of investment in education as a whole.b. Adjust the structure of investment in education; promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, regional education. Adjust the education investment reasonably; establish scientific concept of educational funds; break barriers to dual structure in urban and rural areas; increase the intensity of investment in education in rural areas. Tilt toward rural areas on the financial investment in education budgets, while in rural areas we should combine the basic education, vocational education and education in rural areas together. Establish rural vocational and technical laboratories; provide farmers with technical training and career guidance. We need adjust the input direction while increasing investment in education and improve the Central transfer payment system. Invest more in the less developed regions; especially we should increase the investment of rural primary and middle schools in shares of education in the West, remote mountain villages, and poor areas. In this way we can reduce regional differences and achieve harmonious development of education in region.c. Adjust the investment ratio between compulsory and non-compulsory education; promote harmonious development of education at all levels. There is a very strong common product characteristic in compulsory education. Most of the compulsory education funds should come from financial education funds. The responsibility of compulsory education in primary and middle schools must be borne by the government at all levels. For non-compulsory education, because it has a certain degree of social property, it belongs to the public, so we can share the education investment by benefit principle. High school can take an investment model about government for first, personal, family and social investment in second. For higher education, vocational and technical education and adult education, we can introduce more social investments; make the private capital play its role.d. Establish an educational investment system about "dominated by provincial and central government". An important reason for the lack of investment in education is the main body of education investment mostly to local government. Because of the limited financial resources of the government at the county level and large education population, cause local government finance can’t support, further make a serious shortage of investment in education. Therefore, this requires innovating education investment system, establishing educational investment system with central, provincial and local governments sharing together. Increase the responsibility for investment in education of central and provincial government, move the gravity of the input body to the central and provincial governments. e. Expand the educational investment channel, introduce social investments activity. Increase the intensity of education financing; expand ways of social resources into education. We can consider the following measures:First, establish local education policy bank, it can support education financial services well through loans, investments, guarantees, subsidies, discount and others. Second, issue educational lottery, absorb Community funds extensively and raise funds to be directed for education. Third, On the basis of government input, establish regional education development fund. Fourth, encourage donor education, especially for rural education by using industrial policy incentives, tax credits and other means. Fifth, mobilize social power fully to input in education, pay attention to the development and utilization of civil capital.f.Establish and improve the education investment supervision mechanism and raise the fund using efficiency. The sound education investment supervision mechanism can really meet the actual needs of education and it make sure the education system of transfer payments can really put in place protection. It is the foundation of improving efficiency of investment in education. So to build a perfect education investment supervision system, we should do like these:One establish and improve NPC’s supervision system for education budget and funds using. Two improve the supervision system of education on the auditing Three perfecting the mechanism of social participation, give full play to the supervisory role of public opinion and the people of the community. Under the Perfect supervision system, we can improve the efficiency of education funding. |
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