| The meaning of direct statement of the " fu " of liuyi had experienced a gradual stabilization process,which was created by Zheng Xuan in order to distinguish fu,bi,xing. Until the Tang Dynasty,Kong Yingda transformed the meaning created by Zheng Xuan, and clearly regarded "fu" as a means of poetry expression. After Kong Yingda, The meaning of "direct statement" was widely followed by most scholars in the Song Dynasty,and became to the most far-reaching one of all meanings about the "fu" of liuyi. In addition, ancient poetry theorists also enriched the meaning of the "fu" of liuyi from Five Characters Poetry, art of thinking, object relations and other points of view.After the description characteristic of "fu" which is a literary genre was revealed,after the description technique of "fu" which is a literary genre was followed and developed by Five Characters Poetry, the descriptive function of the "fu" of liuyi gradually being noticed by ancient poetry theorists.After absorbed by "fu" which is a literary genre,description technique of the "fu" of liuyi partial refers to truthful and objective description. Therefore, the word of "xingsi" which produced in the field of painting was often borrowed to summarize the description characteristic and technique of the "fu" of liuyi. Zhu Xi, Fan Chuyi and Zhang Jie revealed the artistic characteristic of the "fu" of liuyi which also was used for direct narrative, their views pointed out that the "fu" of liuyi also can convey the implication. The "fu" of liuyi can directly express emotion, this function was noticed after the "fu" of liuyi was used to comment other poetry except the Shijing. The emotion which the"fu" of liuyi directly express has accumulated for a long time in poet’s heart, so the poetry using the "fu"of liuyi could have the same touching charm of "bi","xing".Before the Tang Dynasty, either the scribes or poetry theorists,no one distinguished the "fu","bi","xing" of between high and low. After the Tang Dynasty, according to the Shijing’s creation,Kong Yingda advocated that direct statement is significant when people want to state something. From the perspective of expressing ideas in poetry,Zhu Xi also advocated direct statement.In contrast,Yang Wanli and Luo Dajing compared the "Xing" to the "Fu" on thinking process and aesthetic effect, then they more respected the "Xing" of liuyi. |
