Look From The "big Wear Rites · Fu Bao" System Of The Zhou Dynasty Fu Bao

The Baofu education system in Zhou Dynasty mainly covers the assisting and teaching ofthe King and crown prince. Through the education of the upper class of the society, it aims toachieve social harmony and the country’s lasting political stability. The Baofu education systemis also an important educational mode in ancient China.The Baofu education system is discussed in detail in Baofu of the book DaDaiLiji. However,people doubt about the authenticity of the article and it is neglected for a long time. In theiropinion, Baofu of the book DaDaiLiJi is accomplised by copying the four articles of Baofu,Fuzhi, Taijiao and Rongjing in the book called Xinshu. In fact, many ancient books have somerepeated or similar chapters in pre-Qin or Qin and Han Dynasty. We dare not say that there is noplagiarism in pre-Qin or Qin and Han Dynasty, but this viewpoint is worth us reconsidering.Many articles in DaDaiLiJi are spreaded in single chapter. In the process of spreading, the singlearticle is included in one’s writings or selected into different "record" of the Confucian disciples.By arranging, modifing and compiling the ancient writing material of pre-Qin Dynasty, Daidefinished the book DaDaiLiJi. That is to say, Baofu in DaDaiLiJi and the four articles of Xinshuhave the same origin. There is no plagiarism.The Baofu in DaDaiLiJi aims to discuss the importance of the education of crown prince.Because it is accomplished by compiling the four single articles of pre-Qin Dynasty, we candivided it into four parts which covers the introduction of the importance and responsibility ofBaofu, the etiquette as well as the antenatal training. At the same time, the education of crownprince has strict procedures and it can be divided into four stages. From pre-born period tilladulthood, the crown prince will receive comprehensive and planned education and training.Each stage has different content and method.The Sangong in Zhou Dynasty refers to Taishi, Taifu and Taibao. They have acomprehensive guiding responsibility on the central government and seigneurs’s affairs and thecrown prince’s education. The Sangong is a cooperation and division work. Taibao is responsiblefor their physical health; Taifu is responsible for their moral; Taishi is responsible for theirspiritual enlightenment. Sanshao is Sangong’s assistant, they lived together.The Sanshao helpsSangong to assist the emperor and crown prince. The Baofu’s duty is not limited to the crownprince’s childhood,the main task is in adolescence and adulthood. Even after the prince gettingthe throne, he still has the important task of persuading,supporting and teaching. The tradition ofthe Baofu education system played a considerable role in the whole ancient monarcheducation.The purpose of selecting Baofu is to enable the prince to become decent, noble andsagacious man. The crown prince is the successor of the throne. His knowledge and morality are closedrelated to the governmental policy and the destiny of the nation. As a result, the setting andselecting of the crown prince’s teacher is very strict. It is recorded on some anceint books such asDaDaiLiJi, Book of History and Guo Yu. For teaching children and national survival, the royalfamily always choose virtuous person for the crown prince’s education.Zhou Dynasty attaches great importance to the crown prince’s education. The article ofBaoxun in Tsinghua bamboo slip records the teachings of the King Wen of Zhou. In it, heseriously teaches the crown prince about the "middle way" and inspires him to grow up andbecome a qualified king as soon as possible.The education of the crown prince and aristocracy inZhou Dynasty start from the family. Boys and girls all have a woman as their own nurseresponsible for the care and custody of them. You can find some stories in ancient books aboutthis phenomenon. In the early stage of the Spring and Autumn Period, King’s son did not study inthe national school. On the contrary, teachers coached them in the palace. This phenomenon iscalled “give a teacher to a prince or the crown prince". Later, they began to study at school. Thiskind of education not only attaches importance to the impartment of cultural knowledge, but alsoto ideological and moral improvement and society education. Not only attach importance to thetraining and forging of good habits, but also pay attention to the practical skills of shooting anddriving and emotional cultivation. It has a good reflection in the education of the royal family ofZhou Dynasty and its vassal states.The background of the Baofu education system is the Zhou Dynasty’s enlightenmenttradition. As a result, the Baofu education system has close relationship with the humanisticenlightment of the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty. Confucianism is broad and profound. Beforethe born of Confucius, the society has pround enlightenment tradition. The enlightenment ofConfucianism and that of the Yin and Zhou Dynasty must have certain links. Maybe we can finda source of Confucianism from that.