| Qitai-Jimusar region belongs to our country’s dry areas in northwest,the ecological environment is fragile,human activities and environment influent with each other.In24years of Qianlong (1759DC),the Qing government had completed the unification of Xinjiang,began excuting Tuntian activities in the the Qitai-Jimusar region,changing the earlier situation which people in this region take animal husbandry as primarily way of life.Compared to animal husbandry,agricultural production is more severe human activities,the influence between agricultural production and environment become more apparent.The region where climate zone is temperate,light and heat resources are good enough to meet the needs of most crops’ light and heat conditions,Tianshan snow melt water and precipitation of the southern mountain can meet the demand of water in the crops’growth process.Agricultural production can counteract the environment and agricultural production activities are one of the most intense human activities,agricultural production activities will inevitably change the local vegetation and water resources,then affecting the ecological environment. So the paper choose the Qitai-Jimusar region(from east as Mori County to West as Jimusaer County)as the study area,on the basis of discussing the change of population,the change of arable land and agricultural development in the region,to explore the impact of agricultural development on the environment.The paper is divided into four chapters. Chapter one outlines the natural conditions of Qitai-Jimusar’agricultural production and social condition in Qing Dynasty.Natural conditions of agricultural production is the basis of understanding agricultural production and its impact on the environment; politics is the superstructure of the social and economic infrastructure,and a concentrated expression of economics,so the change of the Qitai-Jimusar region on the administrative divisions in Qing Dynasty also a reflection of the socio-economic development of the region to some extent.The second chapter discusses the population of Qitai-Jimusar region in the Qing Dynasty,the population is the taker of agricultural production activities,and also the consumer of agricultural products,this two are closely related.Chapter three to discuss the arable land of Qitai-Jimusar region in the Qing Dynasty,which can more intuitive view the scale and extent of agricultural production activities.With chapters two and three, after discussing the agriculture development of population and arable land two,the following conclusions:among the chaos of the Qianlong40years (1776DC) to the war of tongzhi,the cultivated area increasing and agricultural development at good condition in Qitai-Jimusar region;after the war, the agricultural population has a significant reduction in arable land which is not optimistic,then taking more than30years to restore,and recovering to the level in the Jiaqing period until the late Qing Dynasty.The fourth chapter discusses the environment influented by the agricultural development of the Qing Dynasty in the Qitai-Jimusar region,the Qing government to vigorously support agricultural development,a large number of troops and indoor people moved into region,more and more land has been chaged into farmland,the people’ influence on the natural environment become bigger,changed the surface vegetation and distribution of water resources,resulted in a more far-reaching impact on the geographical landscape.Although agricultural development can change the vegetation,crops instead of the original vegetation,but in addition to artificial selection,these crops will be subject to environmental selection,adapt to the environment,crops can grow.After the development of the Qing Dynasty and development,Qitai-Jimusar region’s agricultural production and the environment reach to a more balanced state,reclaimed farmland,construction of water conservancy to change the natural environment some extent,but did not cause the consequences of environmental deterioration. |
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