The Study Of Turbulence In Huizhou In The Early Qing Dynasty

This paper mainly uses the historical method to preliminary study the turbulence in Huizhou area in the early Qing Dynasty. It can be divided into five chapters, including preface and body text.The preface primarily discusses the objective and significance of the subject, and introduces the paper is inspired in the process of studying history books about Huizhou at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. After reviewing the academic research situation, I affirm predecessors’research achievements and meanwhile find there is no paper specialized in this aspect. Taking this opportunity, this paper combines predecessors’research with my own excavation in hope of giving scholars some inspiration.Chapter one mainly explaines the background in Huizhou at that time. In the late Ming Dynasty, political corruption and land annexation was becoming serious day by day. With the addition of frequent natural disasters, the social contradictions became very sharp, so many farmers rose up, and finally sank into the flood of farmers uprising. At the same time, Nvzhen, an ancient nationality living in the northeast China, was growing increasingly strong and started wars with the Ming Dynasty constantly. Finally, the rotten Ming Dynasty was destroyed by peasant army under the leadership of Lizicheng. Then the Qing army drove away Lizicheng from Beijing and went on a punitive expedition towards the south. At this time, Huizhou was also on the eve of fierce turbulence, the excessive gap between the rich and the poor caused the sharp society contradiction.Chapter two focuses on the struggles against the Qing Dynasty. The first part tells that Jinsheng and Jiangtianyi led a volunteer army which was composed of farmers in Huizhou to fight against the Qing army. However, the volunteer army failed to withstand the Qing army outside of Huizhou. The second part introduces that Huangdaozhou recruited soldiers from Jiangxi in order to crusade against the Qing army. The Huang’s army fought with the Qing army in Wuyuan, as the strength gap between the two parties was too great, Huangdaozhou was finally captured.Chapter three discusses the servant uprising happened in Huizhou during the early Qing Dynasty. At first, the analysis of servant uprising’s reason. Under the influence of the late Ming Dynasty’s peasant revolt, servants in Huizhou unwilling to accept long-term oppression, they took advantage of the changes in the Ming and Qing Dynasty and raised the armed revolt for personal liberation. Secondly, the descriptions of the process and result of the servant revolt. Although the servant raised the revolt in turn of the old and new regime, the landlords and rich men would not give in. They eventually suppressed the uprising by tying all powers and uniting with the Qing army. This chapter states the meaning of the servant revolt at last.Chapter four analyses the banditry in Huizhou in the early Qing Dynasty.The first kind of bandits was transformed by the insurgents. Soldiers stationed in Huizhou took advantage of the outside situation, they not only launched the rebellion but also ravaged villages and plundered property. They were fearless under the policy of the government. The second kind of bandits was brigand. The brigand always caused chaos, they destroyed the stability of the society and affected the rule of Qing government. Thus the Qing government suppressed them from beginning to end. The fourth chapter analyses the two kinds of banditry and states the characteristics and causes of them.Chapter five primarily recommends the impact on the social stability in Huizhou because of Revolt of the Three Feudatories. The first part has an introduction to the society of Huizhou before Revolt of the Three Feudatories. The Qing government maintained the stability of Huizhou by increasing the garrison and used the Bao-Jia system to strengthen the control of Huizhou people. Meanwhile, the Qing government took various measures to restore the economy and develop the production. The secong part is about the Geng army and its partisans’invasion into Huizhou. The garrison forces in Huizhou could not withstand the Geng army’s military offensive at all. Since the banditry invaded into Huizhou, they had brought the great impact on the society in Huizhou. Whereas, Huizhou entered a relatively stable period of more than one hundred years after Revolt of the Three Feudatories.