On Equity And Efifciency

“Equity” and “Efficiency”, two themes during the development of humansociety, are of great importance. However, the relationship between them hasalways been a controversial topic. In the academic community, the mainviewpoints can be summed up in at least three points. First,“Equity First”;Second,“Efficiency First”; Third,“Efficiency first, and took equity intoaccount”. By analyzing the three viewpoints comprehensively, we can see theyare all emphasizing one point in a certain period without grasping the essence ofthe relationship of equity and efficiency correctly and comprehensively. It is noexaggeration to say, if the issue can not be solved, the modernization of ourcountry won’t be developed steadily and rapidly in a healthy way.This paper re-inspects the relationship of equity and efficiency with themethodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. The paperexpounds on the dialectical unified relationship and the realizing ways of equityand efficiency in three separate parts: The first part of this paper analyzes the relationship of equity and efficiency.It focuses on people’s views of the relationship of equity and efficiency ever,and re-thinks profoundly in moral aspect. By questioning closely the moralfoundation of what influences the relationship between equity and efficiency,that is, the analysis and demonstration of tools and values, the discrimination ofbenefits among people, team and country, the alienation in work which hinderspeople’s all-around development, I finally confirm the dialectical unificationrelationship of equity and efficiency, which is conforming to the ultimate aim-people’s all-around development.The second part of this paper expounds fully on the dialectical unificationrelationship of equity and efficiency. First, the essence of socialism requiresbalancing equity and efficiency. To emancipate and develop productivity, weneed to promote efficiency and development and provide matter guarantee forthe realization of common prosperity. To eliminate exploitation and growing income disparity requires equity. To realize final common prosperity alsorequires equity and efficiency. Only when we achieve the dialectical unificationof equity and efficiency, can common prosperity and communism be realizedfinally. Secondly, this part also expounds on the relationship of equity andefficiency and its values and implication: The two are co-related andco-restricted. On the one hand, the enhancement of efficiency can providefinancial support for equity. On the other hand, equity ensures the promotion anddevelopment of efficiency. The two are the balance of “justice” and “benefit”,and are unified in one ultimate aim-people’s all-around development.The third part of this paper is focused on how to balance equity andefficiency in our life. First, we should consider the dialectical unification ofequity and efficiency as the value orientation of our system. The ultimate aim ofsystem devise and function is people’s all-around development. And the balanceof equity and efficiency is reflected in all aspects and stages of our system. Inthis way, we can guarantee equity and efficiency in the aspect of system. Second, the building of an “ability society” provides good social settings for therealization of equity and efficiency unification. An “ability society” shields thechannels to get profit by other people’s toil, and inhibit the influences of power,social relationship, money, longevity, and the position in the family hierarchy ondistribution. Equity and Efficiency on the other hand, also ensures a good socialenvironment for people’s all around development. Last, when we are equippedwith an institutional settings and social settings, carrying out distributionaccording to one’s performance can ensure the unification of equity andefficiency and at the same time to promote the overall development of people.To sum up, we are able to deal with the issues of equity and efficiencyduring social development only if we take people’s all around development asthe highest value, and take communism as human being’s loftiest ideals, andanalyze in the perspective of system, society and moral. However, the realizationof dialectical unification of equity and efficiency is objective, which doesn’tmean it can be reached in whatever situations, whereas, it can only be reached ina certain social background and historical settings and so on. Therefore, to realize the dialectical unification of equity and efficiency is a must for thedevelopment of our society and also represents that people have made a greatprogress in cultural civilization.