A Preliminary Research On The Tombs Of Liao Dynasty In Beijing Area

This thesis mainly studys on the tombs of Liao Dynasty found in the Beijing areain the past.First of all,it reviews and overviews the discovery of the tombs of LiaoDynasty,and summarizes the academic study of the tombs of Liao Dynasty,especiallythose relating to the major achievements and perspectives of tombs of Liao Dynasty inthe Beijing area.According to the difference of tomb structure,the tombs of LiaoDynasty in Beijing area are divided into four major categories:Group A is masonrytomb or brick-chambered tomb with a ramp;Group B is brick pit without a ramp;GroupC is stone coffin tomb;Group D is earthen seaft tomb.Based on the difference of tombnumber, shape and other aspects, it divides all kinds of different categories into anumber of types.This thesis makes a typology analysis on the unearthed pottery andporcelains from the tombs of Liao Dynasty in Beijing.Judging by the dated tombs and on the basis of previous scholars,making acomprehensive research on tombs shape and type of the buried pottery、 porcelain,thisthesis divides the tombs of Liao Dynasty in Beijing into four periods and summarizesthe feature of buried pottery、 porcelains in every period.Then Khitan culturalfactors,content and style of tomb murals and the Buddhist cultural beliefs reflectedfrom burial articles are analyzed and elaborated.Through the study we can findbrick-chambered tomb with a ramp is the largest number and round tomb is the mainshape which inherites the tradition from the tombs of Tang Dynasty.Appeared in thefourth period,the polygonal tombs of the hexagon,octagon are influenced by the overallshape evolution of the tombs of Liao Dynasty.But the polygonal tombs are notpopular,which indicates that the local tradition in graves has always been mainstreamand the external influences is limited.The pottery found in the tombs of Liao Dynastyhas a fixed type combination,and the reason is inheriting the tradition of tombs of Tang Dynasty in this region.Not only the products of Longquanwu kiln,but also externalinput porcelains are found.The number and variety of external input porcelains isincreased than the Tang Dynasty,it reflects the enhancement of Beijing’s regional statusand role.In the tombs of Liao Dynasty in Beijing,the number of Han tombs has anabsolute advantage.But the analysis of the cultural factors indicates that there is likelyto exist the tombs of the Khitan tribe.The murals of tombs of Liao Dynasty in Beijingis the most distinctive regional characteristics,and the common paintingscreens,flowers and birds is obviously inherited the style of tomb murals of TangDynasty in this region.At the same time,the practice also affectes the Liao Dynastytomb murals around the region like Datong and Xuanhua.The Buddhist belief showedin the tombs of Liao Dynasty is mainly in epitaph records,tomb furniture,burialcustoms and some burial articles.That phenomenon reflects the popularity ofBuddhism and the influence on social life.