The Research On The Opera Criticism Of Qi Biaojia

Criticism is a common means of literary criticism of ancient works. With theprosperity of operas after the Ming dynasty, criticism has been introduced to operacriticism.“Opera Criticism in Yuan Shantang”and“Drama Criticism in YuanShantang”of Qi Biaojia are two criticism works worthy studying after the“operacriticism”of Lv Tiancheng, which made certain achievements in the exploration ofcriticism theories. Qi Biaojia’s drama criticism is theory-based, inheriting the criticismtradition of previous generations and integrating his unique perception into thecriticism practices.Qi Biaojia follows the criticism principle of inclusive and fair as well as appliesthe criticism methods of Subjective input and image metaphor in his criticism. Theseprinciples and methods are developed based on abundant theoretical knowledge and hiscriticism practices, which are criteria for his appreciation and criticism of operas andmeans for him to know the profound connotation of works.The ranks of“opera criticism in Yuan Shangtang”and“drama criticism in YuanShantang”are the manifestation of Qi Biaojia’s opera criticism theory. The two worksevaluate operas according to the ranks of "fineness, elegance, grace, brilliance,capacity and concreteness". Two internal links exist among the six ranks, one ishierarchy, which differs according to the existence and degree of artistic conception ofoperas; the other is category, since each rank shows different art styles and displaysvarious styles according to the personalities of authors, the features of the times, socialcustoms and other factors. Traditional ranks such as "fineness", "grace" "capacity" canbe applied more to opera criticism after the processing by Qi Biaojia. The introductionof“elegance”and“brilliance”strengthens the aesthetics of the whole criticism system.The criticism mode of the two works realizes the integration of sequential ranking andartistic ranking, personality criteria and style criteria, becoming a mature dramacriticism model,and shows the perfect flexible views on drama of Qi Biaojia.Influenced by the drama circle at that time, Qi Biaojia’s opera criticism showsthe value of encouraging innovation, promoting the integration of refine and populardramas and clarifying the root of dramas, which exerts profound influence on thedrama criticism of the subsequent generations.