| Objective:To investigate implicit cognitive function characteristics in patients with anxiety disorder by measuring ERP which induced from emotional pictures’Dot-probe task,define the neurophysiological pathogenesis about implicit cognitive bias,as well as evaluate anti-anxiety drug(Escitalopram)’s function to emotional pictures’implicit cognitive bias.Methods:A total of34patients with anxiety disorder which corresponded diagnostic criteria in DSM-IV were selected as experimental group by visiting sequence,34healthy subjects which matched at age,sex and years of education were control group. HAMA, HAMD, CGI evaluate the experimental group’s severity of illness.Both experimental group and control group were treated with ERP detection of emotional pictures’Dot-probe task. Comparison:(l)Differences about average response time and accuracy rate between experimental group and control group when they were treated with Dot-probe task;(2)Differences about average amplitudes and latencies of ERP C1component between two groups;(3)Differences about treatment effects among experimental group before treatment,experimental group after treatment and control group.Results:1. Comparison of behavioral data:(1)Average response time:①A one-way ANOVA analysis,average response time to the four emotional pictures’types(DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI) as independent variables, showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’average response time among experimental group before treatment, experimental group after treatment and control group were not statistically significant(F(4,120)=2.156,2.088,0.999;all df=3;P=0.091,0.100,0.393).②A one-way ANOVA analysis,average response time to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as dependent variables,showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’average response time among three groups were statistically significant (F(3,102)=90.631,85.296,81.604,92.464;all df=2;P=0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000).Multiple comparison showed statistical significance among experimental group before treatment and control group,experimental group after treatment and control group,experimental group before and after treatment, DPC(t=12.772,11.782,2.235;P=0.000,0.000,0.025),DNC(t=12.297,11.370,2.893;P=0.000,0.000,0.004),DPI(t=12.032,11.373,2.296;P=0.000,0.000,0.022),DNI(t=12.495,12.154,2.173;P=0.000,0.000,0.030).③Average response time to different types about emotional pictures’ information are experimental group before treatment>experimental group after treatment>control group.(2) Accuracy rate:①A one-way ANOVA analysis,accuracy rate to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as independent variables,showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’accuracy rate among experimental group before treatment,experimental group after treatment and control group were not statistically significant(F(4,120)=0.234,0.830,0.342;all df=3;P=0.872,0.480,0.795).②A one-way ANOVA analysis,accuracy rate to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as dependent variables,showed that the differences of DPI and DNI emotional pictures’accuracy rate among three groups were statistically significant (F(3,102)=4.096,3.317;all df=2;P=0.020,0.041).Multiple comparison showed statistical significance in experimental group before and after treatment to DPI and DNI(t=-2.291,-2.002;P=0.025,0.049).③Accuracy rate to different types about emotional pictures’ information are experimental group before treatment<experimental group after treatment<control group.2. Comparison of ERP C1component:(1)Average amplitudes:①A one-way ANOVA analysis,average amplitudes of C1component to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as independent variables, showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’average amplitudes of C1component among experimental group before treatment,experimental group after treatment and control group were not statistically significant(F(4,120)=0.224,0.212,0.343;all df=3;P=0.725,0.817,0.481).②A one-way ANOVA analysis,average amplitudes of C1component to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as dependent variables,showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’average amplitudes of C1component among three groups were statistically significant (F(3,102)=14.991,11.842,12.814,13.496;all df=2;P=0.023,0.031,0.028,0.026).Multiple comparison showed statistical significance in experimental group before treatment and control group,experimental group after treatment and control group.DPC(t=-15.47,-15.03;P=0.013,0.014),DNC(t=-13.67,-12.67;P=0.018,0.021),D PI(t=-14.28,-13.34;P=0.016,0.019),DNI(t=-14.69,-13.92;P=0.015,0.017).③Average amplitudes of C1component to different types about emotional pictures’information are experimental group before treatment>experimental group after treatment>control group.(2)Latencies:①A one-way ANOVA analysis,latencies of C1component to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as independent variables, showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’latencies of C1component among experimental group before treatment, experimental group after treatment and control group were not statistically significant(F(4,120)=0.855,0.302,0.202;all df=3;P=0.467,0.824,0.895).②A one-way ANOVA analysis, latencies of C1component to DPC,DNC,DPI,DNI as dependent variables,showed that the differences about different emotional pictures’latencies of C1component among three groups were not statistically significant (F(3,102)=0.354,0.355,1.279,1.314;all df=2;P=0.703,0.703,0.285,0.275). Multiple comparison showed no statistical significance among experimental group before treatment and control group,experimental group after treatment and control group,experimental group before and after treatment(all P>0.05).③Latencies of C1component to DPC and DNI types about emotional pictures’information are experimental group before treatment<experimental group after treatment<control group, to DNC and DPI types are experimental group after treatment<experimental group before treatment<control group.3.Comparison of treatment effects:(1)Based on HAMA clinical efficacy evaluation criteria, the effective rate of experimental group was70.59%, total effective rate was94.12%.(2)Experimental group after treatment were lower than experimental group before treatment in HAMA, HAMD and CGI-SI.Multiple comparison showed that there were statistical significance in HAMA among experimental group before treatment and control group, experimental group after treatment and control group,experimental group before and after treatment(t=20.171,13.683,9.753;P=0.000,0.000,0.000);as well as HAMD(t=5.089,2.400,3.614;P=0.000,0.019,0.001) and CGI-SI(t=27.358,24.434,13.197;P=0.000,0.000,0.000).(3)CGI-GI=(1.53±0.51), CGI-EI=(3.07±0.81).Conclusion:1. Patients with anxiety disorder present implicit cognitive bias.2. Increased amplitudes of C1component in patients with anxiety disorder were measured by ERP which induced from emotional pictures’Dot-probe task.ERP C1was the evaluation index of implicit cognitive dysfunction.3. Anti-anxiety drug(Escitalopram) can improve implicit cognitive bias in patients with anxiety disorder.It supports the hypothesis that implicit cognitive bias is state-dependently. |
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