The Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome And Calcaneal Bone Mineral Density In Middle-aged And Aged Males

Objective to investigate the relationships between metabolic syndrome and calcaneal bone mineral density in middle-aged and aged males.Methods A cluster random sampling study was performed in LanZhou with a representative sample of2,926male community residents aged from40years to75years. Questionnaire was conducted. height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure were measured, waist-hip ratio, body mass index(BMI) were calculated, fasting blood gluclose (FBG), postprandial blood gluclose (PBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbAlC), total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were tested. The calcaneal bone mineral density(BMD) was measured by the quantitative ultrasonography. According to the criteria of the US National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment PaneHⅡ(NCEP ATPⅢ)definition on MS. add up to each components of their prevalence, use the covariance analysis to find the differences of BMD between subjects with or without MS, and to analyze the risk factors associated with BMD.Results1.2,327subjects were deemed eligible for and included in the study, the prealence of MS was50.75%, and the the prealence of OP was2.5%.2. In the five components of the metabolic syndrome, there were1380subjects (59.30%) in the group hyperglycemia,1374subjects (50.02%) in the group hypertension,1164subjects (50.02%) in the group abdominal obesity,995subjects (42.76%) in the group hypertriglyceridemia and941subjects (40.44%) in the group low HDL-C. there were no significant difference in BMD among the groups of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension (,P>0.05). It showes differences in the abnormal and the control groups of low HDL-C and hyperglycemia (P<0.05), the BMD in the adnormal groups was higher than the control groups.3. there were no significant differences in height, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure, PBG, CHOL, TG, alcohol intaking and regular physical activity among the T1group (T≥-1).T2(-2.5<T<-1) group and T3group(T≤-2.5)(P>0.05), while there were significant differences in age. weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, FBG. HbA IC. HDL-C. LDL-C, BMD and smoking(P<0.05):compared with group T1, weight, BMI were significantly higher in group T2and T3(P<0.01). while HDL-C were significantly lower (P<0.01) and LDL-C, smoking were lower in group T3(P<0.05); compared with group T2, SBP,HbA1C were higher in group T3(P<0.05), and age, FBG were significantly higher (P<0.01), while smoking was significantly lower (P<0.01).4. Compared with controls, subjects with metabolic syndrome had higher height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, FBG, PBG, HbA1C and more smoking (P<0.01), while they had lower HDL-C, LDL-C and less regular physical activity (P<0.01), however, there were no significant differences in age, CHOL, alcohol intaking, BMD between the two groups(P>0.05).5. Unadjusted and age-adjusted BMD in subjects with the metabolic syndrome was similar to those without metabolic syndrome (P>0.05). However, those with metabolic syndrome had higher BMD than those without after adjustment for age, height and weight (P<0.05), the difference remained to exist after all confounding variables were adjusted (P<0.05). In addition, in the subjects with metabolic syndrome, there was no significant difference in BMD among men with different number of the components of the metabolic syndrome (P>0.05), the result was consistent after adjustment for age, height, weight and all covariates(.P>0.05).6. we performed a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis in this study. We put in the known covariates such as age, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, regular exercise and each component of metabolic syndrome as independent variables. smoking had a negative and regular exercise had a positive association with BMD among the known covariates, and in the components of metabolic syndrome, the greater waist circumference was negatively associated with BMD while the lower HDL-C and higher FBG positively were associated with BMD.Conclusions The association of MS with higher calcaneal BMD was explained by the higher FBG and lower HDL-C in those with MS.