| Design of craniotomy surgery plan is a process of optimization. The existing medical visualization tools can neither simulate surgical procedure to simulate the actual problems of the surgery, nor generate images with craniocerebral windows to evaluate the effect of operation on intracranial tissues. At present, surgery program design is largely based upon doctors’previous experience on reconstructed image interpretation and imagination, lacking of a systematic and comprehensive guidance. At the same time, most medical visualization tools with complicated operation, processing steps and low degree of automation, which must be done by a trained physician, can not interact well with the surgeons.The craniotomy simulation is a supplement to the existing medical visualization tools. It can simulate the whole process of the craniotomy and provide cerebral cortex surface scenes after stripping window area as well as the information of other traditional means can not provide such as effects of window area on intracranial vascular. It also allows the surgeon to repeatedly try different surgical options, simulate specific surgical procedures and assess the pros and cons of the different options, so as to help the surgeon to form a specific surgical plan.Based on preoperative MR imaging data, the craniotomy simulation system of this study extracts the scalp, brain and other key regional organizations automatically, and establishes a surgery model with mixed anatomical structures. The system can simulate the surgery process in a way that surgeon can understand, allows the surgeon to plan any window on the scalp area, and generated scalpel trajectory along the surface of the scalp. After setting up the cutting angle and cutting depth, the system can simulate the process of scalp skull stripping and show the images of intracranial blood vessels and cerebral cortex.Compared with existing virtual surgery planning systems, the surgical craniotomy surgery simulation prototype system this thesis designed is specifically for characteristics and requirements of craniotomy surgery and fully makes use of anatomical characteristics of scalp surface. In this way. not only is processing steps are simplified but also process of craniotomy surgery is simulated which provides basis to designing the best operation plan. This is of great importance for doctors practicing surgery process and reducing surgery risks. |
