Epidemic Characteristics And Associated Risk Factors Among Junior Secondary School Students Who Are Overweight Or Obesity In Shanghai, China

ObjectivesTo understand the prevalence of obesity among the students in junior secondary school in Shanghai and the epidemiological characteristics across different regions. To analyse risk factors of obesity associated with environmental and social factors among adolescent and suggest the targeted prevention and control measures, Provide the technological evidences to develop interventions to prevent obesity among secondary school students.MethodRandom cluster sampling method was applied to select11schools. We conducted survey among students at Grade6,7,8, and9in junior secondary school. Informed consents were distributed to all students’guardians to help them understand the purpose and content of this survey. We conducted a questionnaire survey and physical examination among the students who had signed an informed consent. According to the standard of screening overweight and obesity based on BMI classification criteria (kg/m2), we classified respondents in to three groups-normal, overweight, and obesity. We used EpiData3.1software to enter data using Double-blind method. SPSS16.0was used to conduct statistical analysis. Continuous variables and categorical variables using the t test and χ2test for univariate analysis; significant single factor variables were used in multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultAmong the5468respondents, the incidence rates of obesity and overweight among junior secondary school students were8.0%and13.4%respectively. There were437students were diagnosed as obesity (298boys (68.19%) and139girls (31.81%)); and733students (485boys (66.17%) and248girls (33.83%)) who were overweight. The detection rates of overweight were14.42%,16.93%,15.50%,11.69%,6.79%in Luwan, Zhabei, Baoshan, Fengxian, and Chongming respectively, while the corresponding rates of obesity were10.14%,10.40%,8.96%,6.06%,5.43%respectively. The results showed that geographic differences (urban or rural), sex, parental body mass index, appetite size, nocturnal sleep time were significantly related to overweight and obesity among children; mother’s educational background were related to overweight among the students; the risk factors of obesity among adolescents were birth weight.ConclusionThis cross-sectional survey investigated the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among the he young people aged12to15in middle school in Shanghai.1. The Results show that the prevalence of overweight and obesity rate was13.4%and8%respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys was17.58%and10.8%respectively, while the corresponding figures were9.15%and5.13%respectively. Overweight and obesity rates among boys were significantly higher than those among girls. Overweight and obesity rates among the students in central city were significantly higher than those in urban-rural and suburban counties.2. Obesity rate was lower among the students in older age. There were no significant differences in overweight rate among students in different ages.3. Mother with high education was risk factor of overweight. The parents’ overweight and obesity were risk factors for overweigh and obesity among students.4. Birth weight was an influencing factor of overweigh and obesity among students.5. In terms of eating habits, big appetite was the risk factor for overweigh and obesity.6. In terms of life styles, watching TV while eating habits and nocturnal sleep time which is less than8hours were risk factors for overweigh and obesity.7. Logistic regression analysis showed that:student gender, property of the respective districts, parents’ weight, overweight, appetite, and night sleep time were significantly associated with overweigh and obesity among students.