The Correlation Study Of Risk Factors In The Malignant Transformation Of Oral Leukoplakia In Hunan District

Objective To study the risk factors for the malignant trans-formation of oral leukoplakia(OLK) for the purposes of prevention and clinical treatment.Methods63patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) originated from oral submucous fibrosis(OSF) presenting at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Xiang Ya Hostpital, CSU between2011and2012were included in the study with the control group of77patients who had the same living habits but without the malignant transformation of OLK. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the numeral relationship between the11interrelated factors and malignant transformation of OLK.Results In the63patients are54males(85.7%),9females(14.3%).; the age of patients with OLK ranges from35to73, with an average of51.6;52.3%of the patients’ first onset of OLK is earlier than53years old, meaning the median is53. Patients aged between45-59constitute the majority (52.38%) of those with OLK. Speaking of profession, farmer is the majority(57.1%). On the aspect of education level, those who are below high school education level takes up the dominant position(88.9%). Logistic analysis indicates that betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking are the risk factors of the malignant transformation of OLK, and the duration or the quantity of which determine the liability. In this study,73.0%of the patients undergone malignant transformation of OLK have tongue OLK; and those with OLK on buccal mucosa takes up19%;3with labial OLK(4.8);1with OLK on gingiva and1on mouth floor.50.8%of OLKs that transformed into OSCC are less than2cm. And42.9%are speckled leukoplakia.Conclusions Education level and profession are closely related with the maltransformation of OLK; and betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking are the risk factors, the duration or the quantity of which determine the liability. No statistical significance was found between the area of OLK and its maltransformation. Maltransformation mainly occur in tongue and buccal mucosa OLKs. OLKs of hetero-geneous type are likely to undergo maltransformation.