On Hospital’s Emergency Rescue Mechanism In Response To Public Emergencies

Since the beginning of the21st century, with the climatic and environmental changes,natural disasters, accidents, disasters, public health and social emergencies have occurredfrequently, which brings great disaster to the human society and alerts China’s medicalrescue management system. While humans can not predict and control public emergencies,measures may be taken to minimize the damage that disasters cause to the human. Publicemergencies are characterized by complexity, urgency, wide spread, and great hazard.Therefore, a unified emergency response mechanism should be established to cope withpublic emergencies, and the mechanism must be scientific and advanced, comply with thebusiness processes of the health care system, and be based on a unified constructionstandards. The mechanism is aimed to save valuable time during emergencies and minimizeor avoid losses caused by disasters. Since the "9.11" incident in the United States and, inparticular, since the2003outbreak of "SARS", China’s national emergency reliefmanagement has been improved continually, and great advances have been seen in theemergency rescue system, mechanism, and legislation as well as in contingency plans.Nevertheless, as far as the hospitals with emergency rescue missions are concerned, theemergency rescue mechanism in response to public emergencies is not well established.This, to some extent, exposes the vulnerability and lagging-behind of the emergencymedical rescue mechanism in response to public emergencies in China. Therefore, throughestablishing a scientific and efficient public emergency response system, and throughresearching on the establishment of the hospital’s emergency rescue mechanism to improvethe hospital’s overall emergency response capacity and treatment efficiency during publicemergencies, we can save more lives. Therefore, these efforts are of great significance toprotect the people’s health and life and build a harmonious society.In this study, the concepts, classification, grading and characteristics of publicemergencies and emergency medical rescue are described systematically, and the subjects,methodology and theoretical basis of the study are introduced in brief. Through conducting literature review, expert consulting, and questionnaire surveys, we employed theories ofpublic administration, systems science, crisis and emergency management，we performed acomparative analysis of medical rescue mechanisms in response to public emergenciesbetween China and those of the United States, Britain and Japan. We summarized theadvantages and characteristics of the hospital’s emergency rescue mechanisms in thesestates, and discussed the issues of China’s hospital emergency medical rescue system inorganization and management, contingency plans, professional team, stockpiling supplies,transport equipment and communication facilities. Then, we explored the basic principles,requirements, procedures, team building, equipment of emergency relief supplies andon-site emergency rescue for the hospital’s emergency rescue mechanism, so as topreliminarily build a hospital’s emergency rescue mechanism. Especially, in terms of theestablishment of the emergency rescue team, we suggest that different levels of hospitalsshould establish multi-echelon, multi-category, comprehensive emergency rescue teamsbased on their commitment to emergency medical rescue. In addition, we explored the"three-tier" personnel grouping, flexible expansion, and modular training. Hence, thepresent study has a certain theoretical and practical value.