Immunohistochemistry And Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization To Detect Multiple Myeloma Tumor Molecular Cytogenetic Abnormalities And Their Clinical Significance

ObjectiveUsing immunohistochemistry (Immunohistochemistry, IHC) combined withfluorescence in situ hybridization (fluorescence in. situ hybridization, FISH) technologyto detect multiple myeloma (multiple myeloma, MM) common molecular cytogeneticabnormalities, and analyze its clinical significanceMethod20cases of newly diagnosed MM patients diagnosed according to WHO criteria, takethe bone marrow tissue embedded in paraffin and sliced; application of IHC to FISHdetection of CD138+cells in bone marrow biopsies. Detected by1q21/RB1,D13S319/p53, IGH three groups of sequence-specific gene probe, and10cases ofnon-malignant hematologic system disease in patients with bone marrow tissue sectionsas controls to establish probes for the detection threshold, the test results greater thanthe threshold positive, less than the threshold value is negative. And analysis ofcommon molecular cytogenetic abnormalities of clinical significance.Results(1)16cases detected in the molecular cytogenetic abnormalities in IHC combined withFISH technique detected in20cases of newly diagnosed MM patients (80.0%),including1q21amplification in5cases (25.0%), the RB1deletion of six cases (30.0%),D13S319deletion9cases (45.0%) of p53missing3cases (15.0%), the IGH generearrangement in10cases (50.0%). Detection of abnormal5cases (25.0%), while thereare two kinds of abnormalities in6cases (30.0%), three kinds of abnormalities in4cases (20.0%), four kinds of abnormal cases (5.0%). (2) IHC combined with FISH technique with chromosome G-banding techniquedetection rate comparison: the IHC combined with FISH technique detection rate of80%, and chromosome G-banding technique detection rate of10.0%, two sets of ratedifferences were significant (p <0.05). Prompt IHC combined with FISH detected MMmolecular cytogenetic abnormalities was significantly superior to chromosomeG-banding technique.(3) By age <50years old50-60years old,60-year-old grouping, molecular cytogeneticabnormalities detected in5cases (83.3%), respectively, in6cases (100%),5cases(62.5%). The application of statistical analysis, three groups of ages molecularcytogenetic abnormal results of the chi-square test age>60years compared with theother two groups there was significant difference (P <0.05).(4) By age <50years old50-60years old,60-year-old grouping, the genetic abnormalitydetected in5cases (83.3%), respectively, in6cases (100%),5cases (62.5%). Theapplication of statistical analysis, three age groups genetic abnormality results bychi-square test age>60years compared with the other two groups there was significantdifference (P <0.05).Conclusion1.MM’s molecular cytogenetics to change the majority of a complex karyotype, andmost number of structural abnormalities.2.For MM patients, chromosome G-banding analysis of the technology of molecularcytogenetic abnormalities detected in the low, the FISH technique can be improved inpatients with MM molecular cytogenetic abnormality detection rate, but also be able tofind conventional cytogenetic techniques can not-detection of micro-deletions orrearrangements of the importance of gene loci. FISH in the detection of MM geneticsabnormalities often faced with bone marrow dilution, the number of plasma cells is toosmall and other issues. IHC combined with FISH detected MM molecular cytogeneticabnormalities, FISH detection of CD138+cells in bone marrow paraffin sections to help improve the detection efficiency.3.IHC combined with FISH detected MM molecular cytogenetic abnormalities, themost common abnormal IGH gene rearrangement, and D13S319and RB1deletionfollowed by amplification of1q21deletion of P53at least.