Analysis Of The Expression Of T Helper Cells And CD4~+CD25~+ Regulatory T Cells And Molecular Cytogenetic Abnormalities In Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Objective To evaluate the changes of T helper cells and CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and molecular cytogenetic abnormalities of the patients with multiple myeloma for investigating the immunological significance, their correlation and clinical significance, and providing evidence for disease evaluation,prognosis prediction and immunotherapy of MM.Methods T helper cells and CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of 31 patients with MM and 20 healthy donors were measured by the flow cytometry. and the 13q14 deletion,p53 deletion and IgH gene translocation of bone marrow cells were identified by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization .Resultsâ‘ Compared to controls, the percentage of circulating Th1/Th2 cells in patients with MM was lower, while the ratio of Th1/Th2 and the percentage of CD4⁺CD25⁺,CD4⁺CD25^high,CD4⁺CD25^high CD127^low T cells in MM was higher.â‘¡The proportion of Th1 was significantly lower in stages II and IIIMM than that in controls, and Th2 was significantly lower in stages III MM than that in controls and the stages I ,while the ratio of Th1/Th2 was significantly higher in stages III MM than that in controls,the stages I and II.The percentages of CD4⁺CD25⁺,CD4⁺CD25^high,CD4⁺CD25^highCD127^low T cells in stages II and III MM was significantly higher than that in controls. and CD4⁺CD25^high,CD4⁺CD25^highCD127^lowT cells was significantly higher than that in the stages I.â‘¢The proportion of Th1 was obviously lower in MM in relapsing stage than that in controls. and Th2 was obviously lower in MM in relapsing stage and newly diagnosed than that in controls and the stable stage,while the ratio of Th1/Th2 was obviously higher. The CD4⁺CD25⁺,CD4⁺CD25^high,CD4⁺CD25^high CD127^low T cells was obviously higher in MM in relapsing stage and newly diagnosed than that in controls.and CD4⁺CD25⁺,CD4⁺CD25^high,CD4⁺CD25^high CD127^low T cells was obviously higher in MM in relapsing stage than that in stable stage and newly diagnosed MM .â‘£The proportion of Th1 and Th2 negatively correlated with CD4⁺CD25⁺Tregs(P<0.05或0.01).⑤Among 24 MM patients, 13q14 deletion was identified in 9 cases,in which D13S319 abnormalities account for 5 cases (20.83%),and RB1 6 cases(25%), IgH gene translocation was identified in 8 cases(33.33%),and p53 deletion was identified in 3 cases(12.5%); according to the risk stratification of cytogenetics, the percentage of Th1 and Th2 in high-risk group was obviously lower than that in standard-risk group,but the proportion of CD4⁺CD25⁺Tregs was obviously higher.Conclusion MM patients had a low level of Th1 and Th2 but a high level of CD4⁺CD25⁺Tregs, especially in the high-risk group harboring del(13q14) and/or del(17p13), which was associated with clinical stages and disease progression of MM.The proportion of Th1 and Th2 negatively correlated with CD4⁺CD25⁺Tregs. The frequency of del(13q14) and IgH gene translocation in MM are high.