Analysis On Epidemiological Features Of The Road Traffic Injury And The Intervention In Rural Area

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of the road traffic injury and explore the effective strategies and measures for road traffic injury prevention and control in rural areas. Methods Data from9injury surveillance hospitals was collected and analyzed from2006to2010in Gansu province. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to assess the changes of road traffic safety knowledge and related behavior among pupils, residents and drivers before and after intervention in rural areas. Results Information about11153injury cases was collected and analyzed, the ratio of male to female was1.91:1. Persons over25years old are more likely to get road traffic injury which accounted for42.66%of all injury cases. Driving and riding a vehicle were the major activities when injuries took place (54.28%). The peak month of road traffic injury was in July and August. The most common type of road traffic injuries was bruise(49.01%) and the major injured parts were head (34.74%) and lower limbs(24.51%). Most injury cases were mild type (49.95%). The main injury outcome were observation/hospitalization/evacuation (54.16%) and going home after treatment (44.47%).In the intervention study, the average scores of road traffic safety knowledge were compared before and after intervention, the score of pupils were improved by56.11%(t=22.31,P<0.01),the score of residents were improved by35.98%(t=11.35,P<0.01),the score of drivers were improved by22.02%(t=20.60,P<0.01). Compare the average scores of risk behavior before and after intervention, the score of pupils decreased by34.31%(t=5.99,P<0.01), the score of residents decreased by48.52%(t=4.53,P<0.01), the score of drivers decreased by47.35%(t=3.46,P<0.01).The awareness rate of all safety knowledge among the pupils and residents were improved after intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion Young and middle-aged men are the key population for injury prevention and control in Gansu province and some corresponding and effective measures should be taken among them. Health education played a significant role in improving the road traffic safety cognition as well as in changing the risk behavior among people in rural areas, so comprehensive measures such as health education on road traffic safety, road quality improvement and traffic management, emergency ability improvement after accidents should be carried out to decrease the incidence of road traffic injuries in rural areas.