Main Properties Of Degradation Black Soils Fertility Improvement And Carbon Under Organic Materials Combined With Fertilizers

Facing the decline of soil degradation and soil fertility,based on the black soil ofGuangmingcun of Minzhuxiang in Haerbin city Heilongjiang province,the effects of differentorganic materials on soil fertility change trends were studied. There were5treatments with3replicates,the crop is corn.The commonly decomposition pig manure, chicken manure, cow manureand straw were taken as the experimental organic fertilizer.At the same nitrogen’s level,taken the4different kinds of organic materials combined with chemical fertilizers model as study basis,andthe physical,chemical, biological properties and soil carbon pools of soil were measured,in order todetermine the best organic materials, and we expected the results can suppose theoretical groundfor the restoration of soil quality and fertility.The main results and conclusions as followed:The physicochemical properties of soil were improved,as followed:At the same nitrogen’slevel,the content of soil field capacity,available nitrogen,available potassium rising and the soilbulk density declining of different kinds of organic materials,and there was significant improvedcontent of pig manure treatment on cation exchange capacity,available phosphorus.Biological characteristics of soil were improved,results showed that:At the same nitrogen’slevel, compared with chemical fertilizers only different kinds of organic materials combined withchemical fertilizers on soil urease, invertase and catalase activity reached significant difference, inwhich hog manure treatment is the highest one. Urease,invertase and catalase activity in soilduring different months take on increased first and then decreased;Influence of soil carbon showed: At the same nitrogen’s level, different kinds of organicmaterials combined with chemical fertilizers in soil, humin content is the highest, while humicacid and fulvic acid are secondary, fulvic acid content showed: manure treatment> chicken manuretreatment> cattle manure treatment> CK> stalk treatment, HA/FA was not substantial, comparedwith the single application of inorganic fertilizer, showed significant difference in each treatmentof humic acid, humin content, active organic carbon content, carbon pool management index, hogmanure of soil organic matter content reached significant difference comparing with othertreatments, soil organic matter content is not significant among other treatments; Maize yield increased significantly as follows: At the same nitrogen’s level, the highest one ismanure treatment, the lowest is stalk treatment；Correlation analysis showed: the yield and soil available nutrient content, soil field capacity,CEC, soil humus carbon content, Hu Min acid, humin carbon content, soil urease activity, catalaseactivity, invertase activity were positively correlated, negatively correlated with soil bulk density,and fulvic acid content was not significant correlation with it;Comprehensive analysis, At the same nitrogen’s level, different kinds of organic materialsand inorganic fertilizers (organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer N application amount was75kg/hm~2) in the treatment of pig manure treatment on physicochemical properties and compositionof humus in improving soil, soil enzyme activities had improved and soil CPMI was moreprominent, while the yield was relatively high, was conducive to the restoration and improvementof the local soil, so it suggests using of pig manure and inorganic to fertilizers on soil fertility.