Study On Effect Of Reducing Fertilizer Application On Tomato Production, Quality And The Yield Of Next Rice Season In Chao Lake Basin

The environmental contamination problems which led by overusing the chemical fertilizer when planting vegetables have been highly payed attention, obedience to predecessors’studying foundation and experience, this thesis was on the base of custom fertilizer, A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of chicken manure fertilizer and organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with reduction fertilizer on tomato production,inherent quality and NPK fertilizer absorption and utilize,after the tomato havested the next crop-rice had been took no fertilizer processing, to observation the effect of the soil after reduction fertilization on the rice’s growing ang yield, finally to study the direct effect of the soil used different kinds of fertilizer on tomato breeding.The main conclusion as followed:The results of the study of keeping the chicken manure’s dosage invariant,inorganic fertilizer reduction with foliar fertilizer and trace fertilizer were showed that which could not only guarantee the tomato dependable crop but also play a positive role in promoting the taste ang growing of the tomato. To compare with custom fertilizer, the treatments of reduction15%fertilizer, reduction25%fertilizer and reduction35%fertilizer could make the yield of the tomato separately increased24.3%,3.8%,-8.2%,reduction15%fertilizer had very significant increase production effect;these treatments also could drop the nitrate’s content,the rate were separately9.01%,6.12%,10.44%, to some extent,Vc,solubility sugar and the ratio of saccharic acid in tomato fruit could be enhanced, to get the goal of improve the tomato inherent quality;all chicken manure reduction fertilization had a big effect of the absorpation of N,K in tomato plant and fruit,otherwise P’s was small; which could make the nitrate nitrogen down in0-20cm soil after the harvest,the rate were58.33%,15.00%,40.99%, the content of avaible phosphorus were reduced32.04%,31.72%and30.69%on the same floor soil, meanwhile these treatments could effectively prevent the soil from acidize and salinize.Comprehensive all the chicken manure treatments, reduction15%fertilizer had the best effect to get the purpose of tomato increasing production and reducing the loss of nutrient.To keep the inorganic fertilizer’s dosage invariant, excessive organic and inorganic compound fertilizer could make the yield down by35.4%. The effect of organic and inorganic compound reduction fertilization with trace fertilizer was good,it could directly reduce the fertilizer’s input and improve tomato inherent quality and the soil entironment on condition that no crop failure.Compared with custom fertilizer, reduction10%fertilizer had the best result,the rate of increase production was0.85%,had dropped down2.7%of the nitrate nitrogen and enhanced7.40%of Vc,also increased the saccharic acid to improve the aroma; the inorganic fertilizer’s dosage was invariant,organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with trace fertilizer had the biggest effect of the absorpation of N and k in tomato plant and fruit, P was little; reduction10%fertilizer made the nitrate nitrogen,ammoniun nitrogen and avaible phosphorus down,the rate were separately23.82%,33.47%,15.32%after tomato havest in0-20cm soil;under reduction fertilization the soil acidize and salinize had been remitted.No fertilizer at the rice time after keeping the chicken manure’s dosage invariant,inorganic fertilizer showed that it couldn’t effect on the rice yield in season, meanwhile it could reduce N and P residual quality in soil to improve soil structure and entironment.To compare with theoretical yield, last season which were custom fertilizer and reduction15%fertilizer had got the effect of increase production. Compared with rice which was custom fertilizer last season, the increase rate of reduction15%fertilizer was5.35%,setting percentage was86.5%, the effect was the best; no fertilizer after inorganic fertilizer could encourage the rice kernel to absorb more P and the rice straw to intake more N;after no fertilizer rice planted,nitratr nitrogen in0-20cm soil had reduced clearly, the content just only was1/50-1/20of which before preplant, the content of avaible phosphorus under four treatments lowered43.2%,32.6%,36.0%,25.2%than they were preplant,also it had effectively perfected the soil pH value and controlled the content of total soluble salt.The soil which was no fertilizer in rice season after tomato season was been taken to breeding the next period tomato,the result was showed that constant fertilizer plastic tents was better than organic and excessive fertilizer plastic tents, grow seedings in excessive fertilizer plastic tents were abnormal; to compared with the seeding in constant fertilizer plastic tents, which one in excessive fertilizer plastic tents put out that few K in stem and more P in root,the plant was lack of Zn,Mg. The soil was more Pand more K; there was more nutrient in the soil of excessive fertilizer plastic tents, but it failed breeding to show out lack of nutrient element, so it made clear that not more fertile more better for crops, fertilizer must be moderate,nutrient must be balangced.